Kyrianna, Rethymno

Kyrianna (Κυριάννα ) Rethymno

Kyrianna is a village in the municipality of Rethymno, in the regional unit of Rethymno, Crete. According to the 2011 census it has 348 inhabitants. It is 15 km from Rethymno, on the road to the monastery of Arkadi and is amphitheatrically built at an altitude of 215 m [1] in two Armias, north of Psiloritis, overlooking the Cretan Sea. Of the two Armias, the west was the oldest as a settlement. The east was inhabited after 1922. Kyrianna has been declared a traditional settlement.

Historical data

Stergios Spanakis identifies the village with the settlement of Chyriane et Peraneme, which is mentioned in a document by the notary de Brixano in 1301 as a manor of the brothers Ioannis and Nikolaos Burgondione. [1] At the end of the 16th century, the manor was taken over by Matthew Kallergis, [1] with the village acting as the administrative center of his real estate. [2] The village is mentioned by Francesco Barocci in 1577 as Chiriana in the province of Rethymno. The Venetian census of 1583 by Kastrofylakas mentions Chirianna with 101 inhabitants and 404 due chores and Francesco Basilicata in 1630 as Chirianna. In the Turkish census of 1659 it is referred to as Kiryana with 45 houses !. [1]

The village is mentioned in the Egyptian census of 1834 as Kyrianà. In the Cretan work of Michael Khourmouzis in 1842 he is referred to as Kyrgianna. [1] The 1881 census mentions the municipality of Amnatos as Kyrgianna and had 200 Christians and 57 Turkish inhabitants. In the census of 1900 it had 277 inhabitants and belonged to the municipality of Arkadi. The 1920 census cites it as the seat of a homonymous rural municipality. [1] In 1925, Kyrianna was initially annexed to the community of Amnatos, but in 1927 it was designated a community headquarters, which remained until the Kapodistrian administrative division, when the village was annexed to the Municipality of Arkadi. [3]
Population censuses

In detail, the demographic course of the village according to the censuses:
Census 1900 1920 1928 1940 1951 1961 1971 1981 1991 1991 2001 2011
Population [1] 277 353 442 531 514 445 367 377 331 348

Sights

The western façade of the Church of the Assumption.

In the center of the village is the two-aisled church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and Agia Paraskevi. The church began to be built in the 11th century as a free cross with a dome, where the northern aisle of the temple is today. The temple was expanded in the early years of Venetian rule to the west, with the gates of expansion having sharp relief arches. It is possible that the dome collapsed in the early 17th century and was later rebuilt, while the church's original antennas were shaped into niches. At that time, the aisle of Agia Paraskevi was probably added. A little later, the western façade was built in a manneric style. The façade is made of isotope stone and has decorative elements on the door and the bell tower. [4] There is an ecclesiastical museum near the church.[2]

Other churches in the village include the Transfiguration of the Savior, St. George, St. John, Archangels and Saint Nektarios. The cemetery is dedicated to the Holy Cross. [5]

In the village, houses with renaissance elements are also preserved, among which is the mansion of Matthew Kallergis. [2]

Economy

The village is surrounded by olive groves, while other products are also grown on a smaller scale. [2] Kyrianna Agricultural Cooperative operates an olive mill. [6] Livestock is also an important sector. The village has tourist accommodation, restaurants and grocery stores. The village has a rural doctor's office. [2] The village also has a glass cutting and processing unit. [6]

References

Spanakis, Stergios (1993). Cities and villages of Crete over the centuries, volume BD. Heraklion: Graphic Arts G. Detorakis. p. 450.
"Lord." www.rethymno.gr. Municipality of Rethymno. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
"Kyrianna (Rethymno)". Residential Changes - Detailed. EETAA-Hellenic Society of Local Development and Local Government SA Retrieved October 21, 2019.
Andrianakis, Michalis. "Church of the Assumption of the Virgin Mary and Agia Paraskevi". odysseus.culture.gr. Ministry of Culture and Sports. Retrieved November 4, 2019.
"Rethymnon Province". www.imra.gr. Holy Metropolis of Rethymno and Avlopotamos. 2010. Retrieved October 21, 2019.
"Φ14 31-03-2014". data.gov.gr. Ministry of Interior and Administrative Reconstruction.

Municipal unit Arkadi
Community Adele
Agia Paraskevi (Αγία Παρασκευή)
Adele (Άδελε, το)
Adelianos Kampos (Αδελιανός Κάμπος, ο)
Community Amnatos
Amnatos (Αμνάτος)
Kapsaliana (Καψαλιανά, τα)
Μονή Αρκαδίου, η
Pikris (Πίκρης, ο)
Community Archaia Eleftherna
Αρχαία Ελεύθερνα, η
Community Eleftherna
Ελεύθερνα, η
Community Erfoi
Άγιος Νικόλαος, ο
Άνω Βιρανεπισκοπή, η
Viranepiskopi (Βιρανεπισκοπή)
Erfoi (Έρφοι, οι)
Μαγνησία, η
Community Kyrianna
Kyrianna (Κυριάννα)
Community Mesi
Αγία Τριάς, η
Λούτρα, η
Μέση, η
Community Pagkalochori
Pagkalochori (Παγκαλοχώρι, το)
Sfakaki (Σφακάκι, το)
Community Pigi
Άγιος Δημήτριος, ο
Pigi (Πηγή)
Πηγιανός Κάμπος, ο
Community Prinos
Πρίνος, ο
Skaleta (Σκαλέτα)
Community Skouloufia
Ρούπαι, αι
Skouloufia (Σκουλούφια, τα)
Community Chamalevri
Αστέριον, το
Stavromenos (Σταυρωμένος, ο)
Χαμαλεύριον, το
Community Χαρκίων
Καβούσιον, το
Χάρκια, τα

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