Krya Vrysi, Rethymno

Krya Vrysi (Κρύα Βρύση ) Rethymno

Krya Vrysi (Cold Fountain) is a village in the municipality of Agios Vasileios, in the regional unit of Rethymno, Crete. According to the 2011 census it has 84 inhabitants. It is 46 km from Rethymno and is built at the southern foot of Mount Center, at an altitude of 480 m. Its name comes from the many water sources in the area, [2] and specifically in a spring with little but cold water south of the village, in the ravine of Gre Dafni. Above the village is the climbing field of Gre Dafni. [3]

Historical data

The village is mentioned by Francesco Barocci in 1577 as Criavrissi in the province of Agios Vasileios. In the Venetian census of 1583 by Kastrofylakas it is mentioned as Cria Vrissi with 129 inhabitants and 122 due chores, while Vasilikata also mentions the village in 1630, under the name Cria Vrissi. In the Ottoman census of 1659 it is referred to as Kirya Vrisi, with 20 houses. It is referred to as Krya Vrysis in the 1834 census, which was organized by the Egyptians. [2]

The villagers took part in the revolts against the Ottomans. In the battle of Kako Ryaki, near Melampes, which took place in 1822, the old man Asoumanakis, from Krya Vrysi, killed the leader of the Turks, Chanialis, thus leading them to defeat. Kriovrysanos Manolis Skoulikas took part in battles in Rethymno and Heraklion and was elected military representative of the province of Agios Vassilios. The village had its own war flag, the "Kryovrysano bairaki", in the next revolutions. For his participation in the revolutions of 1866 and 1878, the village, like others in the province, was set on fire by the Ottomans. [3] In the 1881 census, Krya Vrysi belonged to the municipality of Melampon and had a purely Christian population, 327 inhabitants. The 1920 census determined the seat of a homonymous rural municipality. [2] In 1925, Krya Vrysi was designated the seat of the homonymous community, until the Kapodistrian administrative division, when the village was annexed to the Municipality of Lampi. [4]

During the German occupation, the village took part in the resistance, offering help and shelter for Greek and English guerrillas. After the abduction of Lt. Gen. Kraipe on April 26, 1944, the Germans hardened their stance, beginning with the destruction of the Sakturi on May 5. On August 22, 1944, seven villages were destroyed at the same time, including Krya Vrysi. The Germans surrounded the village and led all the villagers to the primary school, where the women and children stood out from the men. They then singled out 30 men and executed them later. All the others were taken to Spili, with all their belongings allowed to take with them. They then set fire to the village after looting the houses for valuables. [5]

After the war, it was decided to relocate the residents to Sykia, about a kilometer southeast. The new village (Kato or Nea Krya Vrisi) was built in the period 1946-1948, but the relocation of the inhabitants was not completed. [3] Nea Krya Vrisi was recognized as an independent settlement in 1961, when it had 93 inhabitants. [2]

Population censuses

In detail, the demographic course of the village according to the censuses:

Census	1900	1920	1928	1940	1951	1961	1971	1981	1991	2001	2011
Population[2]		454	423	432	374	267	199	161		136	84

References

(Greek) Database of the Hellenic Statistical Authority.
Spanakis, Stergios (1993). Cities and villages of Crete over the centuries, volume BD. Heraklion: Graphic Arts G. Detorakis. p. 445.
"Krya Vrysi". www.agios-vasilios.gr. Municipality of Agios Vassilios. Retrieved on November 29, 2019.
"Krya Vrysi (Rethymno)". Administrative Changes of Municipalities and Communities - Detailed. EETAA-Hellenic Society of Local Development and Local Government SA Retrieved October 21, 2019.
"Krya Vrysi, August 22, 1944". Municipal Museum of the Kalavrita Holocaust. Retrieved on November 29, 2019.

Municipal unit Lampi
Community Agia Galini
Agia Galini (Αγία Γαλήνη)
Xirokampos (Ξηρόκαμπος, ο)
Community Akoumia
Akoumia (Ακούμια, τα)
Βρύσαι, αι
Triopetra (Τριόπετρα)
Community Ardaktos
Agia Paraskevi (Αγία Παρασκευή)
Aktounta (Ακτούντα, τα)
Ardaktos (Άρδακτος, ο)
Vatos (Βάτος, ο)
Community Drimiskos
Drimiskos (Δρίμισκος)
Community Karines
Karines (Καρίναι, αι)
Community Kentrochori
Kentrochori (Κεντροχώρι, το)
Platanes (Πλατανές, ο)
Community Kerames
Agalianos (Αγαλιανός, ο)
Agia Foteini (Αγία Φωτεινή)
Kerames (Κεραμές, ο)
Community Kissos
Kissos (Κισσός, ο)
Kissou Kampos (Κισσού Κάμπος, ο)
Community Krya Vrysi
Krya Vrysi (Κρύα Βρύση)
Nea Krya Vrysi (Νέα Κρύα Βρύση)
Community Lampini
Lampini (Λαμπινή)
Community Melampes
Agios Georgios (Άγιος Γεώργιος, ο)
Melampes (Μέλαμπες, αι)
Community Mourne
Mourne (Μουρνέ)
Community Myxorrouma
Agia Pelagia (Αγία Πελαγία)
Ano Myxorrouma (Άνω Μυξόρρουμα, το)
Myxorrouma (Μυξόρρουμα, το)
Frati (Φρατίον, το)
Community Orne
Orne (Ορνέ)
Community Saktouria
Agios Pavlos (Άγιος Παύλος, ο)
Kato Saktouria (Κάτω Σακτούρια, τα)
Παξιμάδια δύο, τα (νησίς)
Παξιμάδια ένα, τα (νησίς)
Saktouria (Σακτούρια, τα)
Community Spili
Δαριβιανά, τα
Spili (Σπήλιον, το)

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