This is a list of quasiparticles.
| Quasiparticle | Signification | Underlying particles |
|---|---|---|
| Anyon | A type of quasiparticle that occurs only in two-dimensional systems, with properties much less restricted than fermions and bosons. | |
| Bion | A bound state of solitons, named for Born-Infeld model | soliton |
| Bipolaron | A bound pair of two polarons | polaron (electron, phonon) |
| Bogoliubon | Broken Cooper pair | electron, hole |
| Configuron[1] | An elementary configurational excitation in an amorphous material which involves breaking of a chemical bond | |
| Dislon | A localized collective excitation associated with a dislocation in crystalline solids.[2] It emerges from the quantization of the lattice displacement field of a classical dislocation | |
| Dropleton | The first known quasiparticle that behaves like a liquid[3] | |
| Electron quasiparticle | An electron as affected by the other forces and interactions in the solid | electron |
| Electron hole (hole) | A lack of electron in a valence band | electron, cation |
| Exciton | A bound state of an electron and a hole | electron, hole |
| Fracton | A collective quantized vibration on a substrate with a fractal structure. | |
| Fracton (subdimensional particle) | An emergent quasiparticle excitation that is immobile when in isolation. | |
| Holon (chargon) | A quasi-particle resulting from electron spin-charge separation | |
| Leviton | A collective excitation of a single electron within a metal | |
| Magnon | A coherent excitation of electron spins in a material | |
| Majorana fermion | A quasiparticle equal to its own antiparticle, emerging as a midgap state in certain superconductors | |
| Nematicon | A soliton in nematic liquid crystal media | |
| Orbiton[4] | A quasiparticle resulting from electron spin-orbital separation | |
| Oscillon | A soliton-like single wave in vibrating media | |
| Phason | Vibrational modes in a quasicrystal associated with atomic rearrangements | |
| Phoniton | A theoretical quasiparticle which is a hybridization of a localized, long-living phonon and a matter excitation[5] | |
| Phonon | Vibrational modes in a crystal lattice associated with atomic shifts | |
| Plasmaron | A quasiparticle emerging from the coupling between a plasmon and a hole | |
| Plasmon | A coherent excitation of a plasma | |
| Polaron | A moving charged quasiparticle that is surrounded by ions in a material | electron, phonon |
| Polariton | A mixture of photon with other quasiparticles | photon, optical phonon |
| Roton | Elementary excitation in superfluid helium-4 | |
| Soliton | A self-reinforcing solitary excitation wave | |
| Spinon | A quasiparticle produced as a result of electron spin-charge separation that can form both quantum spin liquid and strongly correlated quantum spin liquid | |
| Trion | A coherent excitation of three quasiparticles (two holes and one electron or two electrons and one hole) | |
| Wrinklon | A localized excitation corresponding to wrinkles in a constrained two dimensional system[6][7] |
References
Angell, C.A.; Rao, K.J. (1972). "Configurational excitations in condensed matter, and "bond lattice" model for the liquid-glass transition". J. Chem. Phys. 57 (1): 470–481. Bibcode:1972JChPh..57..470A. doi:10.1063/1.1677987.
M. Li, Y. Tsurimaki, Q. Meng, N. Andrejevic, Y. Zhu, G. D. Mahan, and G. Chen, "Theory of electron-phonon-dislon interacting system – toward a quantized theory of dislocations", New J. Phys. (2017) http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1367-2630/aaa383/meta
Clara Moskowitz (26 February 2014). "Meet the Dropleton—a "Quantum Droplet" That Acts Like a Liquid" . Scientific American. Retrieved 26 February 2014.
J. Schlappa, K. Wohlfeld, K. J. Zhou, M. Mourigal, M. W. Haverkort, V. N. Strocov, L. Hozoi, C. Monney, S. Nishimoto, S. Singh, A. Revcolevschi, J.-S. Caux, L. Patthey, H. M. Rønnow, J. van den Brink, and T. Schmitt (2012-04-18). "Spin–orbital separation in the quasi-one-dimensional Mott insulator Sr2CuO3". Nature. 485 (7396): 82–5. arXiv:1205.1954. Bibcode:2012Natur.485...82S. doi:10.1038/nature10974. PMID 22522933.
"Introducing the Phoniton: a tool for controlling sound at the quantum level". University of Maryland Department of Physics. Retrieved 26 Feb 2014.
Johnson, Hamish. "Introducing the 'wrinklon'". Physics World. Retrieved 26 Feb 2014.
Meng, Lan; Su, Ying; Geng, Dechao; Yu, Gui; Liu, Yunqi; Dou, Rui-Fen; Nie, Jia-Cai; He, Lin (2013). "Hierarchy of graphene wrinkles induced by thermal strain engineering". Applied Physics Letters. 103 (25): 251610. arXiv:1306.0171. Bibcode:2013ApPhL.103y1610M. doi:10.1063/1.4857115.
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