Administrative Region : Crete
Regional unit : Heraklion
Episkopi is a settlement and former community of the province of Pediados with 969 inhabitants (in 2001) and is a Municipal District in the homonymous Municipality of the prefecture of Heraklion. It was the seat of the bishop of Herronissos and the name of the settlement is due to this fact. The inhabitants are engaged in olive growing and viticulture. It produces raisins, grapes and oil. It has a regional clinic, KEP, post office, OTE, police, kindergarten, elementary school, high school, lyceum and 14 temples with murals. Most important of the temples are Agios Ioannis, Michael Archangelos, Agia Paraskevi and the patron saint Agios Minas (two-aisled church of 1882 with the northern aisle dedicated to the Assumption of the Virgin Mary), with a marble iconostasis. It celebrates on November 11. .
D. d. Diocese
The Municipal Department of Episkopi (1,228 inhabitants in 2001) is based in the homonymous village. It is made up of settlements:
the Diocese [969], seat.
Skopela [48], at an altitude of 270 m.
Stamni [160], formerly: Stamnius, which is 16.7 km from Heraklion. It produces wine, oil and raisins. In the village are the churches of the Transfiguration of the Savior, with whitewashed frescoes, of Agia Paraskevi and Agios Georgios, also with frescoes, as well as Agios Vlasios.
Hochlakies [51], located at an altitude of 320 m.
Historical data
Archaeological significance
The church of Panagia
In 1952, a carved tomb was excavated at Kampos, where a box-shaped shrine was found. Another tomb was found at Kalyvotopos, with two box-shaped shrines with gifts, a razor, a knife and a bronze skyphos, as well as clay vessels. Near the Byzantine church of Panagia in Kefala, other tombs of the third Late Minoan period were found and in Malathre, a small carved tomb of YM IIIb years [2] was found. Archaeologists believe that the settlement of Istamnos was located there.
Church of Agios Minas and the Assumption of the Virgin Mary
Modern Times
The Venetian census of 1583 mentions Piscopi Chierissonisso with 690 inhabitants. In 1834 there were 322 Muslim residents and only 95 Christians. During the Ottoman period, the village was a bakufiko. In 1856 all the inhabitants unanimously declared their Christian faith, with the proclamation of Hatti Humayun, before the then Commander-in-Chief Veli Pasha. The 1881 census [5] recorded 608 Christian inhabitants and only 87 Muslim inhabitants in the Diocese.
In a contract of 1271 the settlement of Stamnoi is mentioned, with the name Stamio [6] and in 1583 Stamnus with 197 inhabitants [3]. From the ancient settlement of Istamnos, which probably existed in antiquity, it was named after the village.
Skopela is mentioned in 1583 Scopella [3] with 110 inhabitants. Until the population exchange, Skopela was a Muslim village. In 1881, 139 Muslim residents were registered and only one Christian. Most people today are from Asia Minor. Hochlakies, on the other hand, are not mentioned in the Venetian censuses or in the Turkish ones of 1671, 1881 and 1900. They are a later settlement. Its inhabitants come from the Lassithi Plateau and specifically from Agios Georgios.
The Church of Panagia
Points of Interest in the Municipal Unit of the Diocese
Argyrakeio Ethnological War Museum
The Argyrakeio Ethnological War Museum is located in the Municipal Unit of Episkopi, and hosts a very important collection of World War II from the spoils of war of its founder, Argyrakis Michael. Its purpose is to save, preserve, exhibit and present objects of folklore and ethnological character. During the presentation, visitors can see military items from World War II as well as documents and photographs.
Sources
Heraklion and its Prefecture, published by the Prefecture of Heraklion.
References
(Greek) Database of the Hellenic Statistical Authority.
Cretan Chronicles, IZI, 385
Kastrofylakas, K 95, 1583.
N. Kalomenopoulou, Cretan, 135
Stavrakis, Nikolaos (1881). "Statistics of the Island of Crete 1881".
A. Lombardo, Documenti ecc. 56
| Municipal unit Episkopi |
|---|
| Community Aitania |
| Aitania (Αϊτάνια, τα) |
| Community Galifa |
| Galifa (Γαλίφα, η) |
| Community Episkopi |
| Episkopi (Επισκοπή, η) |
| Κακόπετρα, η |
| Skopela (Σκόπελα, τα) |
| Stamnoi (Σταμνοί, οι) |
| Χοχλακιαί, αι |
| Community Kainourgio Chorio |
| Galipe (Γάλιπε, η) |
| Kainourgio Chorio (Καινούργιον Χωρίον, το) |
| Community Sgourokefali |
| Sgourokefali (Σγουροκεφάλιον, το) |
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