In theoretical physics, a Schwarzschild kugelblitz is a concentration of heat, light or radiation so intense that its energy forms an event horizon and becomes self-trapped: according to general relativity and the equivalence of mass and energy, if enough radiation is aimed into a region, the concentration of energy can warp spacetime enough for the region to become a black hole, although this would be a black hole whose original mass-energy had been in the form of radiant energy rather than matter.[1] In simpler terms, a kugelblitz is a black hole formed from radiation as opposed to matter. Such a black hole would nonetheless have properties identical to one of equivalent mass and angular momentum formed in a more conventional way, in accordance with the no-hair theorem.
The best-known reference to the kugelblitz idea in English is probably John Archibald Wheeler's 1955 paper "Geons",[2] which explored the idea of creating particles (or toy models of particles) from spacetime curvature, called geons. Wheeler's paper on geons also introduced the idea that lines of electric charge trapped in a wormhole throat might be used to model the properties of a charged particle-pair.
Kugelblitz drives have been considered as possible future black hole starship engines.[3][4]
See also
Ronald Mallett
Micro black hole
Planck mass
References
Senovilla, J.M.M. (2014). "Black hole formation by incoming electromagnetic radiation". Classical and Quantum Gravity. 32 (1): 017001. arXiv:1408.2778. Bibcode:2015CQGra..32a7001S. doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/1/017001. S2CID 119266727.
Wheeler, J. A. (1955). "Geons". Physical Review. 97 (2): 511–536. Bibcode:1955PhRv...97..511W. doi:10.1103/PhysRev.97.511.
5 REAL Possibilities for Interstellar Travel on YouTube
Lee, J.S. (2013). "The effect of Hawking Radiation on Fermion re-inflation of a Schwarzschild Kugelblitz". Journal of the British Interplanetary Society. 66: 364–376.
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Black holes
Types
Schwarzschild Rotating Charged Virtual Kugelblitz Primordial Planck particle
Size
Micro
Extremal Electron Stellar
Microquasar Intermediate-mass Supermassive
Active galactic nucleus Quasar Blazar
Formation
Stellar evolution Gravitational collapse Neutron star
Related links Tolman–Oppenheimer–Volkoff limit White dwarf
Related links Supernova
Related links Hypernova Gamma-ray burst Binary black hole
Properties
Gravitational singularity
Ring singularity Theorems Event horizon Photon sphere Innermost stable circular orbit Ergosphere
Penrose process Blandford–Znajek process Accretion disk Hawking radiation Gravitational lens Bondi accretion M–sigma relation Quasi-periodic oscillation Thermodynamics
Immirzi parameter Schwarzschild radius Spaghettification
Issues
Black hole complementarity Information paradox Cosmic censorship ER=EPR Final parsec problem Firewall (physics) Holographic principle No-hair theorem
Metrics
Schwarzschild (Derivation) Kerr Reissner–Nordström Kerr–Newman Hayward
Alternatives
Nonsingular black hole models Black star Dark star Dark-energy star Gravastar Magnetospheric eternally collapsing object Planck star Q star Fuzzball
Analogs
Optical black hole Sonic black hole
Lists
Black holes Most massive Nearest Quasars Microquasars
Related
Black Hole Initiative Black hole starship Compact star Exotic star
Quark star Preon star Gamma-ray burst progenitors Gravity well Hypercompact stellar system Membrane paradigm Naked singularity Quasi-star Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer Timeline of black hole physics White hole Wormhole
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Scales of temperature
Celsius Delisle Fahrenheit Gas Mark Kelvin Leiden Newton Planck Rankine Réaumur Rømer Wedgwood
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