The Dark Matter Particle Explorer, or DAMPE (also known as Wukong), is a Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) satellite which launched on 17 December 2015.[4] The satellite was launched on a Long March 2D rocket from Launch Pad 603 at the LC-43 complex, also known as the South Launch Site, at the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center.[4] It is China's first ever space observatory.
DAMPE is a space telescope used for the detection of high energy gamma rays, electrons and cosmic ray ions, to aid in the search for dark matter.[4][6] It was designed to look for the indirect decay signal of a hypothetical dark matter candidate called weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs).[7]
The project is the result of a collaboration among research institutions and universities in Italy, Switzerland and China under the leadership of the Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).
Objectives
The scientific objectives of the mission are:[4]
the search and study of dark matter particles by conducting high-resolution observations of high-energy electrons and gamma rays.
the study of the origin of cosmic rays by observing high energy electrons and heavy nuclei in the TeV energy range.
the study of the propagation and acceleration mechanisms of cosmic rays through the observation of high-energy gamma rays.
Collaboration
The project is the result of a collaboration among research institutions and universities in Italy, Switzerland and China under the leadership of the Purple Mountain Observatory (PMO) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS).[8] The DAMPE mission is funded by the strategic priority science and technology projects in space science of CAS.[9][10][11] The institutes that have been part of the collaboration are: IHEP (Institute of High Energy Physics), CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Beijing, China; IMP (Institute of Modern Physics), CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Lanzhou, China; NSSC (National Space Science Center), CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Beijing, China; PMO (Purple Mountain Observatory), CAS (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Nanjing, China; USTC (University of Science and Technology of China), Hefei, China; INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) and University of Perugia, Italy; INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) and University of Bari, Italy; INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) and University of Lecce, Italy; INFN (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare) and Gran Sasso Science Institute (GSSI), L'Aquila, Italy; DPNC (Département de physique nucléaire et corpusculaire), University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Results
The first scientific result of DAMPE came in November 2017 as the direct detection of a break in the cosmic electron plus positron energy spectrum at an energy of 0.9 TeV. [12] [13]
In October 2019, DAMPE released its measurement of the proton component of cosmic rays, confirming previous results while also hinting towards new features in the energy spectrum.[14]
Naming
The space observatory is nicknamed Wukong (Chinese: 悟空) after the Monkey King, who is the hero in the classic Chinese tale Journey to the West. Literally, "wu"(悟) means comprehension or understanding and "kong"（空）means void, so this name could also be understood as "understanding the void", relating to the undiscovered nature of dark matter.[1]
The English name, DAMPE, was a backronym, which was named after a non-player character (NPC) in The Legend of Zelda, Dampé (ダンペイ).[15] In the game, player need Dampé to find the treasure, which match with the mission of DAMPE (not finding dark matter, but finding the evidence that dark matter exist).
References
"China's new Monkey King set for journey into space". Xinhua. 16 December 2015. Retrieved 19 December 2015.
Li, Ye; Yuan, Qiang (29 August 2012). "Testing the 130 GeV gamma-ray line with high energy resolution detectors". Physics Letters B. 715 (1–3): 35–37. arXiv:1206.2241. Bibcode:2012PhLB..715...35L. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2012.07.057. S2CID 59141316.
"DAMPE (Wukong)". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
Barbosa, Rui C. (16 December 2015). "Chinese Long March 2D lofts DAMPE – A Dark Matter Investigator". NASA Spaceflight. Retrieved 25 April 2016.
"CZ-2D (2) (Chang Zheng-2D (2))". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
Nowakowski, Tomasz (2 June 2015). "China to launch its first dark matter probe by the end of 2015". Spaceflight Insider. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
Normile, Dennis (29 November 2017). "China's dark matter space probe detects tantalizing signal". Science. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
"DArk Matter Particle Explorer". Department of Nuclear and Corpuscular Physics, University of Geneva. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
"First finding of China's DAMPE may shed light on dark matter research". Phys.org. 30 November 2017. Retrieved 19 March 2018.
Dickinson, David (18 December 2015). "China Launches Dark Matter Probe". Sky & Telescope.
Shen, Zhongtao; Feng, Changqing; Gao, Shanshan; Zhang, Deliang; Jiang, Di; Liu, Shubin; An, Qi (2015). "Study on FPGA SEU Mitigation for the Readout Electronics of DAMPE BGO Calorimeter in Space". IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science. 62 (3): 1010. arXiv:1406.3928. Bibcode:2015ITNS...62.1010S. doi:10.1109/TNS.2015.2427293. S2CID 26666344.
Ambrosi, G.; An, Q.; Asfandiyarov, R.; Azzarello, P.; Bernardini, P.; Bertucci, B.; Cai, M. S.; Chang, J.; Chen, D. Y.; Chen, H. F.; Chen, J. L.; Chen, W.; Cui, M. Y.; Cui, T. S.; D'Amone, A.; De Benedittis, A.; De Mitri, I.; Di Santo, M.; Dong, J. N.; Dong, T. K.; Dong, Y. F.; Dong, Z. X.; Donvito, G.; Droz, D.; Duan, K. K.; Duan, J. L.; Duranti, M.; D'Urso, D.; Fan, R. R.; et al. (2017). "Direct detection of a break in the teraelectronvolt cosmic-ray spectrum of electrons and positrons". Nature. 552 (7683): 63–66. arXiv:1711.10981. Bibcode:2017Natur.552...63D. doi:10.1038/nature24475. PMID 29186110. S2CID 205261676.
"First finding of China's DAMPE may shed light on dark matter research".
An, Q.; Asfandiyarov, R.; Azzarello, P.; Bernardini, P.; Bi, X. J.; Cai, M. S.; Chang, J.; Chen, D. Y.; Chen, H. F.; Chen, J. L.; Chen, W.; Cui, M. Y.; Cui, T. S.; Dai, H. T.; d'Amone, A.; De Benedittis, A.; De Mitri, I.; Di Santo, M.; Ding, M.; Dong, T. K.; Dong, Y. F.; Dong, Z. X.; Donvito, G.; Droz, D.; Duan, J. L.; Duan, K. K.; d'Urso, D.; Fan, R. R.; Fan, Y. Z.; et al. (2019). "Measurement of the cosmic-ray proton spectrum from 40 GeV to 100 TeV with the DAMPE satellite". Science Advances. 5 (9): eaax3793. arXiv:1909.12860. Bibcode:2019SciA....5.3793A. doi:10.1126/sciadv.aax3793. PMC 6868675. PMID 31799401.
"悟空卫星英文名DAMPE竟源自《塞尔达传说》".
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See also
Great Observatories program List of space telescopes List of proposed space observatories List of X-ray space telescopes
Category Category:Space telescopes
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Chinese space program
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Spaceports and landing sites
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Future missions marked in italics, failed missions marked with † sign
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January
SpaceX CRS-5 (Flock-1d' × 2 · AESP-14) – MUOS-3 – SMAP · FIREBIRD II A, B · GRIFEX · ExoCube
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IGS-Radar Spare – Inmarsat 5-F2 – Fajr – DSCOVR – Progress M-26M – Kosmos 2503 / Bars-M No. 1
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April
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May
Mexsat-1 – USA-261 / X-37 OTV-4 · LightSail-1 · USS Langley · BRICSat-P · ParkinsonSat · GEARRS-2 · AeroCube 8A, 8B · OptiCube 1, 2, 3 – DirecTV-15 · SKY México-1
June
Kosmos 2505 / Kobalt-M – Sentinel-2A – Kosmos 2506 / Persona No.3 – Gaofen 8 – SpaceX CRS-7 (Flock-1f × 8)
July
Progress M-28M – UK-DMC 3 × 3 · CBNT-1 · DeOrbitSail – USA-262 / GPS IIF-10 – Star One C4 · MSG-4 – Soyuz TMA-17M – USA-263 / WGS-7 – BeiDou M1-S, M2-S
August
HTV-5 / Kounotori 5 (SERPENS · S-CUBE · Flock-2b × 14 · AAUSAT 5 · GOMX 3) – Eutelsat 8 West B · Intelsat 34 – Yaogan 27 – GSAT-6 / INSAT-4E – Inmarsat 5-F3
September
Soyuz TMA-18M – MUOS-4 – Galileo FOC-5, FOC-6 – TJSSW-1 – Gaofen 9 – Ekspress AM8 – XY-2 · Tiantuo-3 · ZDPS 2A, 2B · Xiwang-2 × 6 · DCBB · LilacSat-2 · NUDT-Phone-Sat · Xingchen × 4 · NS-2 · Zijing × 2 – Kosmos 2507, 2508, 2509 / Strela-3M × 3 – Pujian-1 · Tianwang 1A, 1B, 1C – Astrosat · LAPAN-A2 · ExactView 9 · Lemur-2 × 4 – BeiDou I2-S – NBN-Co 1A · ARSAT-2
October
Progress M-29M – Mexsat-2 – Jilin-1 · Lingqiao A · Lingqiao B · LQSAT – USA-264 / NOSS Intruder × 2 / NROL-55 · AeroCube-5c, 7 · SNaP-3 × 3 · PropCube × 2 · SINOD-D × 2 · ARC-1 · BisonSat · AMSAT Fox-1 · LMRST-Sat – APStar-9 – Türksat 4B – Tianhui 1C – USA-265 / GPS IIF-11
November
Chinasat 2C – HiakaSat · EDSN × 8 · PrintSat · Argus · STACEM · Supernova-Beta – Yaogan 28 – Arabsat 6B · GSAT-15 – Kosmos 2510 / EKS-1 / Tundra-11L – LaoSat-1 – Telstar 12V – Yaogan 29
December
LISA Pathfinder – Kosmos 2511 / Kanopus-ST · Kosmos 2512 / KYuA-1 – Cygnus CRS OA-4 (Flock-2e × 12 · CADRE · MinXSS 1 · Nodes × 2 · STMSat 1 · SIMPL) – ChinaSat 1C – Elektro-L No.2 – Kosmos 2513 / Garpun-12L – Soyuz TMA-19M – TeLEOS-1 · VELOX-C1 · Kent Ridge 1 · VELOX 2 · Galassia · Athenoxat-1 – DAMPE – Galileo FOC-8, FOC-9 – Progress MS-01 – Orbcomm-2 × 11 – Ekspress-AMU1 – Gaofen 4
Launches are separated by dashes ( – ), payloads by dots ( · ), multiple names for the same satellite by slashes ( / ). Cubesats are smaller.
Crewed flights are bolded. Launch failures are in italics. Payloads deployed from other spacecraft are (enclosed in brackets).
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