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Administrative Region : South Aegean
Regional unit : Tinos
Tinos (Greek: Τήνος; Italian: Tine) is a Greek island situated in the Aegean Sea. It is located in the Cyclades archipelago. In antiquity, Tinos was also known as Ophiussa (from ophis, Greek for snake) and Hydroessa (from hydor, Greek for water). The closest islands are Andros, Delos, and Mykonos. It has a land area of approximately 194 square kilometres and a 2001 census population of 8,574 inhabitants.
Between 1207 and 1715, Tinos was in Venetian hands. From 1715 to 1821, Tinos was ruled by the Ottoman Empire before joining in the Greek War of Independence. It was known İstendil during Ottoman rule.[1]
Tinos is famous amongst Greeks for: the Church of Panagia Evangelistria, its 80 or so windmills,[2] about 1000 artistic dovecotes, 50 active villages and its Venetian fortifications at the mountain, Exobourgo. On Tinos, both Greek Orthodox and Roman Catholic populations co-exist, and the island is also well known for its famous sculptors and painters, such as Nicholaos Gysis, Yannoulis Chalepas and Nikiforos Lytras.
The island is located near the geographical center of the Cyclades island complex, and because of the Panagia Evangelistria church, with its reputedly miraculous icon of Virgin Mary that it holds, Tinos is also the center of a yearly pilgrimage that takes place on the date of the Dormition of the Virgin Mary (August 15, "Dekapentavgoustos" in Greek). This is perhaps the most notable and still active yearly pilgrimage in the region of the eastern Mediterranean. Many pilgrims make their way the 800 metres from the ferry wharf to the church on their hands and knees as sign of devotion. The day also commemorates the 1940 sinking of the Greek cruiser Elli by an Italian submarine on August 15, 1940 at Tinos's harbor.
The island's mineral resources include marble, Verde antico, asbestos and a granite mine near Volax (also known as Volakas).
Tinos harbour (Source)
Geography
Map of Tinos by Giacomo Franco (1597).
Tinos has a varied landscape. From the shores of Panormos and Kolimbithra on the North Shore to Kionia, Agios Yannis O Portos, and Agios Sostis on the Southern Shore, Tinos has many beaches, just to name a few. Tsiknias is the highest mountain on the island at 750 meters and hides the quaint village of Livada. The mountain of Exobourgo is quite distinct, and unlike its more rounded Cycladic neighbors, has a more jagged appearance that would be more at home in the Alps. Between Tsiknias and Exobourgo lies the fruitful plain of Falatados. This area is unique on the island as its relatively flat (yet with an elevation of ~ 300 metres) terrain is rare on the island. This made it a strong candidate for an as yet unbuilt airport on the island. The Meltemi winds and valid concerns of local villagers of the towns of Falatados, and Steni have all but halted the project. The area around Volax is a surreal and very unusual landscape with giant boulders some the size of multistory buildings. The village of Volax lies at the center of this amazing landscape. To the west, the mountains surrounding Pyrgos are full of some of the most beautiful green marble in all of Greece.
All around the island of Tinos, the islanders have made the most incredible things out of stone. The hills are all terraced with stone walls; every little village is connected to its most proximate neighbors by stone walkways set between a parallel set of stone walls.
Τῆνος, νῆσος Κυκλάς, ἀπὸ οἰκιστοῦ Τήνου. ἐκλήθη καὶ Ὑδρόεσσα διὰ τὸ κατάρρυτον εἶναι, καὶ Ὀφιοῦσσα, Ἀριστοτέλης ἐν τῷ περὶ θαυμασίων ἀκουσμάτων φησὶν ὅτι ἐν Τήνῳ τῇ νήσῳ φασὶν εἶναι φιάλιον σύγκραμα ἔχον, ἐξ οὗ πῦρ ἀνάπτουσι πάνυ ῥᾳδίως. καὶ Ἀθήναιος ἐν δευτέρῳ δειπνοσοφιστῶν περὶ αὐτῆς ὅτι ἐν Τήνῳ τῇ νήσῳ κρήνη ἐστίν, ἧς τὸ ὕδωρ οἴνῳ οὐ μίγνυται. ἔστι καὶ πόλις Λακωνικὴ μία τῶν ἑκατὸν Τῆνος λεγομένη. ὁ πολίτης Τήνιος, καὶ τὸ θηλυκὸν Τηνία, ἀφ´ οὗ καὶ Ἥριννα Τηνία ποιήτρια. λέγεται καὶ Τηνεύς. Stephanus of Byzantium.
Administration
Tinos is a separate peripheral unit of the South Aegean Periphery, and the only municipality of the peripheral unit. As a part of the 2011 Kallikratis government reform, the peripheral unit Tinos was created out of the former Cyclades Prefecture. At the same reform, the current municipality Tinos was created out of the 3 former municipalities: [3]
The Panagia Evangelistria Icon
Exomvourgo
Panormos
Tinos (town)
Climate
The entrance of the church.
View of Kolibithra beach.
The congress centre of Tinos.
Nikolaos Gyzis (1842-1901); important Greek painter (left) and Kösem Sultan (1589–1651), originally called Anastasia, a native of Tinos and the most powerful woman in Ottoman history (right).[4]
Tinos experiences a Mediterranean climate and has warm and dry summers and mild and wet winters.
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
High 14°C 15°C 16°C 19°C 22°C 26°C 28°C 28°C 26°C 23°C 19°C 15°C
Low 10°C 10°C 11°C 13°C 17°C 21°C 23°C 24°C 21°C 19°C 15°C 12°C
Precipitation 8 7 5 5 3 0 0 0 2 2 6 11
Winds in km/h 29 30 26 20 21 23 23 26 23 26 23 28
Transportation
Tinos has three ports, one for passenger speed boats, and two for ferries and highspeed boats which carry passengers and cars to other ports, including Mykonos (35 min), Piraeus, Rafina, Andros and Syros.
There is a heliport close to Aghios Fokas beach, some 2 km. from Tinos town.
There are regular buses linking Tinos town with other villages on the island.
Villages
Aetopholia
Agapi
Agia Varvara
Agios Fokas
Agios Romanos
Agios Sostis
Arnados
Berdemiaros
Chatzirados
Dyo-Choria
Falatados
Fero Chorio
Kabos
Kaki Skala
Kalloni
Kampos
Kardiani
Karkados
Karya
Kato Kleisma
Kechros
Kionia
Komi
Koumaros
Koumelas
Krokos
Ktikados
Laouti
Livada
Loutra
Lychnaftia
Malli
Mamados
Marlas
Mesi
Monastiri
Monastiria
Mountados
Myrsini
Ormos Agiou Ioannou
Ormos Panormou
Panormos
Perastra
Platia
Potamia
Pyrgos
Rocharis
Skalados
Sklavochorio
Smardakito
Sperados
Steni, Tinos
Tarampados
Triantaros
Tripotamos
Tzados
Venardados
Volax
Vourni
Xinara
Ysternia
Notable people
Kösem Sultan (Anastasia) Valide Sultan of the Ottoman Empire, mother of Murad IV, Ibrahim I
Ieronymos I (Kotsonis), Archbishop of Athens and All Greece
Nikolaos (Protopappas) Metropolitan of Fthiotida
Yannoulis Chalepas (1851-1938) sculptor
Nikiphoros Lytras (1932-1904) painter
Nicholaos Gysis (1842-1901) painter
Stelios Perpiniadis (1923-1977) musician
Errikos Kontarinis (1906-1971) actor
Fotios of Alexandria
Dimitrios Filippotis
Spyros Patrikios
Vangelis Protopappas (1917-1995) actor
Antonios Sohos
Markos Filippos Zallonis
Haralambos Marmanis scientist and Author
References
^ www.gefad.gazi.edu.tr/window/dosyapdf/2009/4/40.pdf
^ "Art & Tradition:Windmills". Municipality of Tinos. www.tinos.gr. Retrieved 2007-12-21.
^ Kallikratis reform law textPDF
^ Akbar, M. J. (2002). The Shade of Swords: Jihad and the Conflict Between Islam and Christianity. Routledge. p. 89. ISBN 0415284708. "His mother, Valide Kosem, said to be the most powerful woman in the history of the dynasty, ruled in his name."
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