Moreno Valley is a city located in Riverside County, California and is part of the San Bernardino-Riverside Metropolitan Area. A relatively young city, its rapid growth from the 1980s to the early 2000s made it the second-largest city in Riverside County by population, and one of the Inland Empire's population centers. As of the 2010 census,[7] the city's population was 193,365. Neighboring Riverside, California, the county seat and largest city in the county, the two cities are closely tied. Moreno Valley is also part of the Greater Los Angeles area.

History

Prehistory to 1800s

The Moreno Valley area was first inhabited 2,300 years ago. There are at least 190 prehistoric archaeological locations within the city. The majority of the sites are milling stations - where chaparral seed was the dominant milling activity. Rock art, consisting of pictographs, and petroglyphs are present - though most of the petroglyphs in Moreno Valley consist of boulders with "cupules", or cup-shaped holes pecked into them.

Spanish scouts initially came across descendants of the Shoshone, and Luiseño tribes; although other groups, such as the Serrano and Cahuilla were in the area. The late prehistoric Luiseño and Cahuilla were semi-sedentary, meaning that they wintered in villages, then spread out in family groups during the spring and summer months to harvest seeds and acorns.[8]

Spanish scouts blazed a number of trails in the area, including the Anza Trail, which runs through the Edgemont area of present-day Moreno Valley.

U.S. settlement

When California was admitted to the United States as a state in 1850, Americans began to move into the area. The Tucson-to-San Francisco route of John Butterfield's Overland Mail Company passed through. Some farmers began to occupy the area. They relied upon Frank E. Brown's Bear Valley Land and Water Company to provide them water, which was collected and pumped from Bear Valley, California in the San Bernardino Mountains to the north. Brown began performing this service in 1883. In 1899, the city of Redlands won a lawsuit in which the city claimed eminent domain over the Bear Valley water. The resulting loss of service forced most of the area's inhabitants to move. The area first acquired its current name, Moreno Valley, at this time. The name is derived from Frank's last name moreno which is Spanish for brunette.

March Field

The revival of the Moreno Valley area began in 1918, when the United States Air Force (then the United States Army Air Service) constructed March Field on the outskirts of Riverside as part of its World War I expansion. March Field was initially used to train fighter pilots. Although it was closed in 1922, it was reopened in 1927 and eventually became a full Air Force base. The presence of March caused the unincorporated communities of Sunnymead, Moreno, and Edgemont to develop and grow. In World War II, March again became a training ground for military pilots. On April 1, 1996, March Air Force Base (MAFB) became March Joint Air Reserve Base (MJARB) under Air Force Reserve Command (AFRC).
Riverside International Raceway

From 1957 to 1989, the Riverside International Raceway occupied the current site of the Moreno Valley Mall. The Riverside International Raceway (Sometimes known as RIR or Riverside Raceway) race track was in operation from September 22, 1957, to July 3, 1989. Races held at the Riverside International Raceway included IMSA, NASCAR, Indycar, NHRA drag racing, Go Karts, and AMA motorcycle racing.
A view of Moreno Valley looking west down Ironwood Avenue. Box Springs Mountain is visible at right

.
Incorporation

The area experienced explosive growth in the 1980s. By 1984, the population was 49,702 (compared to 18,871 residents in 1970).[9] The state economic boom fueled the construction of new houses and businesses. This growth led to a push for incorporation. Although similar measures had failed in 1968 and 1983, a measure to form the city of Moreno Valley was approved by voters in 1984. On December 3, 1984, the communities of Edgemont, Sunnymead, and Moreno united with nearby areas to form the general law city of Moreno Valley. The first City Council was also elected in 1984, composed of Bob Lynn, Judith A. Nieburger, Steven Webb, J. David Horspool (first Mayor Pro Tem), and Marshall C. Scott (first Mayor). The City Seal and Motto were adopted the following year.

Bust and boom

By 1990, Moreno Valley had exploded in population growth to become the second largest city in Riverside County with a population of over 118,000. Growth continued until about 1992.

In the 1990s, the robust Moreno Valley economy deteriorated, largely due to the statewide economic downturn. Many people began to leave the city. March was also downsized to its present status as March Air Reserve Base. The surplus land was given to the March Joint Powers Authority, made up of representatives of Riverside County and the cities of Riverside, Moreno Valley, and Perris for development. The dismal economic trend began to reverse in the late part of the decade, however. Companies such as Aurora Modular, U-Haul, and Lowe's moved major operating facilities to the city or neighboring municipalities (although Aurora later filed for bankruptcy).

By the early 21st century, the arrival of so many newcomers to Riverside County and the soaring cost of living in Los Angeles and Orange County combined to make the less-developed southern half of the Inland Empire a very attractive place for industry.
From 1957 to 1989 the Riverside international Raceway occupied the current site of the Moreno Valley Mall. The mall is located toward the northern end of the former raceway.

On the east end of the city off Moreno Beach Drive, a new Wal-Mart was opened in early 2006 (233,000 sq ft (21,600 m2), huge for a traditional Wal-Mart) next to the Moreno Valley Auto Mall. This is also the site of the first Super Target in California and the first (and only) Best Buy store located within Moreno Valley city limits, which opened in July and October 2007, respectively. The exit off state route 60 is the main way to the Moreno Valley Ranch Golf Course, once included in Golf Magazine's Top 75 Golf Courses in the USA.

Recent proposals to turn March Joint Air Reserve Base to a major commercial airport has been debated in 2005, but the plan was rejected by the Riverside county board of supervisors, until further notice. However, the coming of quieter, more environmentally friendly aircraft and cheaper security procedures and utilities may signal a re-consideration of the plan. In May 2008 the March JPA approved opening the facility to general aircraft.

March Air Reserve base has a ball park facility, where the semi-pro baseball Inland Empire (now Rancho Belago) Rockets of the Southern California League play in the summer months season.
DHL

DHL's selected March Air Reserve Base as its Southern California hub and commenced operations in October 2005. While initial claims were that the facility would employ 250 workers in its initial stage, over 300 employees went to work daily during normal operations.

In November 2008, DHL announced it was leaving the U.S. market and would shut its operation associated with March Air Field in January 2009.[10]
Rancho Belago

On February 13, 2007, the City Council passed, by a vote of 4–1, a controversial resolution christening the eastern half of the city (roughly from Lasselle Street to Gilman Springs Road) "Rancho Belago", a pastiche of Spanish and Italian words.[11][12][13] The city council's resolution includes the 92555 zipcode within the boundaries of the area, as reported by the Press Enterprise newspaper.
Present

Today, Moreno Valley is home to around 200,000 residents and once again, experienced an economic bust (the late 2000s Recession) to restart again in a new development boom. MetroLink rail transit has arrived in the area further down in Perris to the south and a proposal to erect a four-lane freeway on the site of Cajalco Road/Ramona Expressway from Interstate 215 to Interstate 15 in Corona is currently debated by the CalTrans, Riverside County and Orange County governments. Upper-middle class residents reside in newer housing developments on the eastern half of the city. Recent years have seen the rise of corporate office industrial and business parks, as well a proposal of bringing minor league baseball of the California League to town. Moreno Valley is rapidly becoming a Latino majority city (over 50+ percent) and now has a high percentage of African-Americans (18.0% according to the 2010 U.S. Census).
Geography

Moreno Valley is located at 33°55'35" North, 117°13'42" West (33.926267, -117.228345).[14]

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 51.5 square miles (133 km2), of which, 51.3 square miles (133 km2) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.52 km2) of it is water.
Southern Moreno Valley, viewed looking south down Kitching Street.
View of Box Spring Mountain from RCC: Moreno Valley.

Moreno Valley is located at a geographic crossroad. To the east lie the San Gorgonio Pass and Coachella Valley; to the south are Lake Perris, Perris, the San Jacinto Mountains, and the route to San Diego; to the north are the San Bernardino Valley and San Bernardino Mountains. To the west lies neighboring Riverside, as well as Los Angeles and Orange Counties. The heavily-traveled routes of State Route 60 (locally called the Moreno Valley Freeway) and Interstate 215 both pass through the city. It lies under approach paths for Los Angeles International Airport, John Wayne Airport in Orange County, LA/Ontario International Airport and San Bernardino International Airport.

One of the most visible geographical features in Moreno Valley, visible from almost anywhere in the city, is Box Springs Mountain. This mountain at the northwest end of the city towers over the city, providing a concrete landmark. The face of the mountain that faces the city has a large "M" constructed upon it. This was built privately at the encouragement of the City Council, which argued it would foster unity. The letter is located on public land and is maintained entirely by charity. The letter had lights installed on December 3, 2005 to celebrate Moreno Valley's 21st anniversary of its incorporation and the completion of the repairs of heavy damage to the M, due to excessive rain the year before. The mayor at that time, Bonnie Flickinger, has said that the citizens liked it that way and that the council would try to get it to light up regularly. Between December 2, 2009 and December 6, 2009, Moreno Valley, along with Edison lit up the "M" in celebration of the city's 25th anniversary. Several Eagle Scout projects have been dedicated to maintaining the letter.
Climate

Moreno Valley has a mild semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh), with Mediterranean characteristics. The summer temperatures average in the low to mid 90s, though many days can reach well above 100°.
– On average, the warmest month is August.
– The highest recorded temperature was 113 °F (45 °C) in 1960.
– On average, the coolest month is December.
– The lowest recorded temperature was 22 °F (−6 °C) in 1974.
– The maximum average precipitation occurs in December.[15]

Climate data for Moreno Valley, California
Month	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Record high °F (°C)	97 (36)	92 (33)	98 (37)	104 (40)	108 (42)	112 (44)	118 (48)	113 (45)	115 (46)	108 (42)	98 (37)	93 (34)	118 (48)
Average high °F (°C)	68 (20)	68 (20)	72 (22)	76 (24)	81 (27)	89 (32)	95 (35)	96 (36)	92 (33)	83 (28)	74 (23)	67 (19)	80 (27)
Average low °F (°C)	43 (6)	44 (7)	46 (8)	49 (9)	54 (12)	57 (14)	62 (17)	62 (17)	59 (15)	53 (12)	46 (8)	42 (6)	51 (11)
Record low °F (°C)	24 (−4)	27 (−3)	29 (−2)	33 (1)	38 (3)	44 (7)	49 (9)	49 (9)	42 (6)	32 (0)	26 (−3)	22 (−6)	22 (−6)
Average precipitation inches (mm)	2.08 (53)	1.72 (44)	.68 (17)	.45 (11)	.31 (7.9)	.01 (0.25)	0 (0)	0 (0)	.08 (2.0)	.32 (8.1)	.74 (19)	2.74 (70)	9.94 (252)
Source 1: [20]
Source 2: [21]

Demographics
Historical population
Census Pop. %±
1990 118,779 —
2000 142,381 19.9%
2010 193,365 35.8%
Est. 2014 202,976 [17] 5.0%
U.S. Decennial Census[18]
2010

The 2010 United States Census[19] reported that Moreno Valley had a population of 193,365. The population density was 3,756.5 people per square mile (1,450.4/km²). The racial makeup of Moreno Valley was 80,969 (41.9%) White (18.9% Non-Hispanic White),[20] 34,889 (18.0%) African American, 1,721 (0.9%) Native American, 11,867 (6.1%) Asian, 1,117 (0.6%) Pacific Islander, 51,741 (26.8%) from other races, and 11,061 (5.7%) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 105,169 persons (54.4%).

The Census reported that 192,811 people (99.7% of the population) lived in households, 471 (0.2%) lived in non-institutionalized group quarters, and 83 (0%) were institutionalized.

There were 51,592 households, out of which 28,586 (55.4%) had children under the age of 18 living in them, 29,000 (56.2%) were opposite-sex married couples living together, 9,990 (19.4%) had a female householder with no husband present, 4,191 (8.1%) had a male householder with no wife present. There were 3,627 (7.0%) unmarried opposite-sex partnerships, and 375 (0.7%) same-sex married couples or partnerships. 6,094 households (11.8%) were made up of individuals and 1,611 (3.1%) had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.74. There were 43,181 families (83.7% of all households); the average family size was 3.99.

The population was spread out with 62,496 people (32.3%) under the age of 18, 23,563 people (12.2%) aged 18 to 24, 53,726 people (27.8%) aged 25 to 44, 41,446 people (21.4%) aged 45 to 64, and 12,134 people (6.3%) who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 28.6 years. For every 100 females there were 95.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males.

There were 55,559 housing units at an average density of 1,079.3 per square mile (416.7/km²), of which 33,393 (64.7%) were owner-occupied, and 18,199 (35.3%) were occupied by renters. The homeowner vacancy rate was 3.4%; the rental vacancy rate was 7.5%. 123,863 people (64.1% of the population) lived in owner-occupied housing units and 68,948 people (35.7%) lived in rental housing units.

During 2009–2013, Moreno Valley had a median household income of $54,918, with 19.5% of the population living below the federal poverty line.[20]
2000

The city became a diverse ethnoburb of a variety of racial and ethnic groups, esp. Blacks, Latinos and Asians replaced the once majority White (non-Hispanic) population in the 1990s. Immigrants often come from Central America, Southeast Asia and the Philippines, the Middle East and Somalia, the Balkans, the Caribbean islands (esp. Cubans and Puerto Ricans) and Samoans to reestablish themselves in older post-WWII suburban tracts in Sunnymead.

Moreno Valley has increasingly become a destination for African-American families from Los Angeles County. Between 2006-2007 alone, Moreno Valley saw a 13% increase in its black population.[21]

Also in the same time period, Latinos became the majority of over half the MoVal's population, especially a large Mexican-American and Mexican population developed in Sunnymead. There are several business strips catering to Spanish-speaking clientele and Latin American cultures.

There were 43,381 households out of which 54.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 61.6% were married couples living together, 17.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 14.9% were non-families. 11.0% of all households were made up of individuals and 3.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.6 and the average family size was 3.9.

In the city the population was spread out with 36.8% under the age of 18, 10.5% from 18 to 24, 29.5% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 5.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 27 years. For every 100 females there were 95.8 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 91.3 males.

The median income for a household in the city was $47,387, and the median income for a family was $48,965 (these figures had risen to $55,604 and $57,385 respectively as of a 2007 estimate[22]). Males had a median income of $38,620 versus $26,492 for females. The per capita income for the city was $14,983. 14.2% of the population and 11.6% of families were below the poverty line. 18.1% of those under the age of 18 and 9.7% of those 65 and older were living below the poverty line.
Government
Local

Moreno Valley incorporated in 1984 as a general law city.[23]

The city is governed by a council-manager government. The city is divided into five districts, each of which elect a representative to the city council. The council chooses two of its own members to serve as Mayor and Mayor Pro Tem. The council also selects the city manager. The current City Council consists of:[2]

District 1: Jesse L. Molina,
District 2: Jeffery Giba,
District 3: George E. Price,
District 4: Yxstian Gutierrez, and
District 5: D. LaDonna Jempson.

Jesse Molina is the current Mayor. Yxstian Gutierrez is the current Mayor Pro Tem.[2] The current City Manager is Michelle Dawson.[24]

According to the city’s most recent Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, the city’s various funds had $243.3 million in Revenues, $132.8 million in expenditures, $1,076.3 million in total assets, $195.3 million in total liabilities, and $293.8 million in cash and investments.[25]

The structure of the management and coordination of city services is:[25]
City Department Director
City Manager Michelle Dawson
Assistant City Manager Thomas M. DeSantis
City Attorney Suzanne Bryant
City Clerk Jane Halstead
Financial and Administrative Services Director Richard Teichert
Fire Chief Abdul Ahmad
Administrative Services Director Chris Paxton
Parks and Community Services Director Betsy Adams
Police Chief Joel Ontiveros
Public Works Director / City Engineer Ahmad R. Ansari

In April 2014, The Moreno Valley City Council approved to establish the Moreno Valley Emerging Leaders Council. The Emerging Leaders Council works as the youth Council for the city. The Council has a total of 9 members and 2 alternatives.

Student mayor: Giselle Tapia Student Vice-mayor: Paulina Lizarraga Student Clerk: Nicholas Quintero

Member: Wendy Acuna

Member: Steven Sandoval

Member: Luis Mojica

Member: Deena Kamel

Member: Ranya Kamel

Alternative Member: Benjamin Ochoa

Alternative Member: Jessica Laze Reza

The Mission of the Emerging Leaders Council is: “Serving, connecting, and empowering youth and young adults to become future leaders, while making a difference in our community.”

Staff: Julie Reyes, Sustainability and Intergovernmental Programs Manager

The ELC meets on the fourth Monday of each month at 6 p.m., City Hall - Council Chamber, 14177 Frederick St.
State and federal

In the state legislature, Moreno Valley is in the 31st Senate District, represented by Democrat Richard Roth, and in the 61st Assembly District, represented by Democrat Jose Medina.[26]

In the United States House of Representatives, Moreno Valley is in California's 41st congressional district, represented by Democrat Mark Takano.[27]
Public safety

Moreno Valley is served by its own regional station of the Riverside County Sheriff's Department for law enforcement. The sheriff's station is currently commanded by Sheriff's Captain Joel Ontiveros,[28] who also functions as Moreno Valley's Chief of Police.

The city of Moreno Valley contracts for fire and paramedic services with the Riverside County Fire Department through a cooperative agreement with CAL FIRE.[29] 7 paramedic engines and 2 truck companies provide both fire and paramedic services to the city.

American Medical Response is responsible for transports to emergency departments via paramedic ambulance.
Education

Moreno Valley's primary and secondary education needs are fulfilled by the Moreno Valley Unified School District and the Val Verde Unified School District. The former serves approximately 35,000 students, the bulk of the city's children, and has 35 schools, including five high schools: Moreno Valley High School, Canyon Springs High School, Valley View High School, March Mountain High School, and Vista del Lago High School. Val Verde District serves part of southern and eastern Moreno Valley, in addition to parts of Perris, Mead Valley, and unincorporated areas. It serves about 13,000 students and maintains 12 schools; one of its high schools, Rancho Verde High School, is located in Moreno Valley. Some private schools exist, including the local Valley Christian Academy, established in 1979, and Calvary Chapel Christian School, which serves students Kindergarten to twelfth grade. There is also growing number of charter schools within Moreno Valley area including Excel Prep Charter School – Inland Empire, a K–6 school, Riverside County Educational Academy, and Audeo Charter School,[30] a 6–12 independent study program.[31]

The Riverside Community College District, RCCD, serves 6,500 students at their Moreno Valley College campus. The city is also the location of one of the twenty-six Chapman University campuses. In Neighboring Riverside, students may opt to attend RCCD's main campus, Riverside Community College, the University of California, Riverside, La Sierra University or California Baptist University. California State University, San Bernardino is another popular school for city high school graduates.
Economy

According to the City's 2009 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[32] the top employers in the city are:
# Employer # of Employees
1 March Air Reserve Base 9,000
2 Moreno Valley Unified School District 3,752
3 Riverside County Regional Medical Center 2,215
4 Moreno Valley Mall 1,669
5 City of Moreno Valley 1,183
6 Riverside Community College 1,038
7 Val Verde Unified School District 734
8 Walgreens 650
9 Ross Stores 600
10 Wal-Mart 465
Hospitals

There are two hospitals in Moreno Valley:[33]

Kaiser Permanente Community Hospital, formerly Moreno Valley Community Hospital, is a General Acute Care Hospital with Basic Emergency Services as of 2008.[34][35] Kaiser Permanente officially acquired the Moreno Valley Community Hospital and took complete control in July 2008. Current Kaiser Permanente members began receiving notification of the purchase in March 2008. Moreno Valley residents will not feel the effects of the acquisition immediately, as Kaiser Permanente members were asked to continue using the nearby Riverside facility and the Moreno Valley Clinic for hospital services while the transition process is completed. Kaiser Permanente is planning to increase the size and capacity of the new hospital by adding a new 80+ patient tower and expanding the main facility, as well as increasing the size of the emergency and operating rooms.[36][37][38]
Riverside County Regional Medical Center is a General Acute Care Hospital with Basic Emergency Services and a Level II Trauma Center.

Notable people

Lindsay Ellingson: Victoria's Secret Angel, graduated from Canyon Springs High School
Da'Mon Cromartie-Smith: An American football Safety for the Pittsburgh Steelers, graduated from Rancho Verde High School in 2005
Greg Dobbs: Thirdbaseman for Philadelphia Phillies graduated from Canyon Springs High School in 1996
Becky G: singer, rapper, and dancer; lived in Moreno Valley
Elisabeth Harnois: American actress, attended Canyon Springs High School
Sumaya Kazi: Award-winning Entrepreneur, graduated from Canyon Springs High School in 2000
Bobby Kielty: professional baseball player with the Boston Red Sox, graduated from Canyon Springs High School
Kawhi Leonard: professional basketball player with the San Antonio Spurs, attended Canyon Springs High School
Ryan Madson: Los Angeles Angels pitcher graduated from Valley View High School in 1998
Andre McGee: College basketball player for the University of Louisville, (Jersey Number 33), graduated from Canyon Springs High School in 2005
Charlotte Morgan, softball player. Played for the Alabama Crimson Tide and was drafted first overall in the 2010 National Pro Fastpitch Senior Draft
Troy Percival: Former Anaheim Angels All-Star Pitcher, World Series Champion, attended Moreno Valley High School
Ronald Powell: Defensive end who currently attends the University of Florida, graduated from Rancho Verde High School in 2010
D'Aundre Reed: 2011 NFL Draftee to the Minnesota Vikings, graduated from Rancho Verde High School in 2006
Terrelle Smith: Fullback for Arizona Cardinals graduated from Canyon Springs High School in 1996 was also made the Pro Bowl
Tyron Smith: Dallas Cowboys offensive lineman, graduated from Rancho Verde High School in 2008
Michael Snaer: American college basketball player for Florida State University, Graduated from Rancho Verde High School in 2009
Kyle Turley: Kansas City Chiefs star graduated from Valley View High School
Derrick Ward: New York Giants running back graduated from Valley View High School

See also
Portal icon Inland Empire portal
References

"California Cities by Incorporation Date" (Word). California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
"City Council Members & Districts". Retrieved December 14, 2014.
"2010 Census U.S. Gazetteer Files – Places – California". United States Census Bureau.
"Moreno Valley". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved November 5, 2014.
"Moreno Valley (city) QuickFacts". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
"ZIP Code(tm) Lookup". United States Postal Service. Retrieved November 30, 2014.
"American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
"Environmental Impact Report City of Moreno Valley General Plan Vol. 1" (PDF). http://www.moreno-valley.ca.us. Retrieved 9 April 2015.
"About Moreno Valley". Retrieved April 29, 2015.
"Inland airports' dream of cargo hubs grounded," Press-Enterprise newspaper, Thursday, November 20, 2008
Resolution of "Rancho Belago"
http://www.pe.com/localnews/inland/stories/PE_News_Local_R_rname21.43a1895.html
http://www.pe.com/localnews/perris/stories/PE_News_Local_D_moreno22.3dbd6df.html
"US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
"Moreno Valley historic weather averages". Weather Channel. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
"Average Weather for Moreno Valley, CA – Temperatures and Precipitation". weathercurrents.com. Retrieved June 6, 2011.
"Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2014". Retrieved June 4, 2015.
"Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
"2010 Census Interactive Population Search: CA – Moreno Valley city". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved July 12, 2014.
http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/06/0649270.html. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Levister, Chris (August 21, 2008). "Latinos Have Babies, Blacks Move South -- Population Shifts". Black Voice News.
Moreno Valley 2005-2007 Census Estimate. Retrieved March 23, 2009.
"About Moreno Valley". City of Moreno Valley. Retrieved January 28, 2015.
http://www.moreno-valley.ca.us/city_hall/departments/city_manager.shtml moreno.valley.ca.us
City of Moreno Valley CAFR Retrieved 2009-08-13[dead link]
"Statewide Database". UC Regents. Retrieved November 22, 2014.
"California's 41st Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC.
Riverside Sheriff's Department
http://rvcfire.org/ourDepartment/ServiceArea/Pages/default.aspx
"Audeo Charter School". Altus Institute. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
"Independent Study FAQ". California Department of Education. Retrieved April 22, 2014.
City of Moreno Valley CAFR
California Department of Health Services
http://www.pe.com/elections/2007/nov/Riverside.html
http://www.pe.com/localnews/menifee/stories/PE_News_Local_H_forum18.3d2d468.html
http://www.pe.com/blcS.sc?search=Moreno+Valley+Community+Hospital&cat=all
http://www.pe.com/localnews/morenovalley/stories/PE_News_Local_H_union12.3e8b1c9.html

http://www.pe.com/localnews/inland/stories/PE_News_Local_H_kaiser02.41674bb.html

External links
Moreno Valley travel guide from Wikivoyage
Official website
Moreno Valley Chamber of Commerce
Moreno Valley School District
U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Moreno Valley, California