Thoas, Briseis Painter, Pergamon Museum 2300
In Greek mythology, Thoas, son of Andraimon, was
one of the heroes who fought for the Greeks in the Trojan War. He was a former suitor of Helen of Troy and led a group of forty ships for the Aetolians, one of the larger contigents. In the Iliad it states that he received his lordship because the previous dynasty of Oineus and Meleagros had perished, so the power to rule was bestowed on him. He was one of the nine volunteers to fight Hector in one on one combat, but lost to the drawing of lots to Telamonian Aias.
In the Iliad Poseidon impersonates Thoas to rally Idomeneus so that he will prevent Hector, who had just killed the sea god's grandson, and his forces from routing the Argives. Later Thoas advises the Greeks to retreat when Hector has broken through to the ships and the Trojan advance is pressing hard on them. He suggests this to prevent further disorder among the Greek forces. This suggestion led to the escape of some of them, who would otherwise have perished in the Trojans' imminent attack. He was one of the more prominent younger chiefs in the Iliad.
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a son of Dionysus and Ariadne. (Schol. ad Apollon. Rhod. iii. 997; Stat. Theb. iv. 769.) He was king of Lemnos and married to Myrina (a daughter of Cretheus the king of Iolcus), by whom he became the father of Hypsipyle and Sicinus. (Hom. Il. xiv. 230; Diod. v. 79; Schol. ad Apollon. i. 601; Hygin. Fab. 15, 120 ; Tzetz. ad Lycoph. 1374.) When the Lemnian women all the men in the island, Hypsipyle saved her father Thoas, and concealed him. (Apollod. i. 9. § 17.) Afterwards, however, he was discovered by the other women, and killed (Apollod. iii. 6. § 4), or he escaped to Tauris (Hygin. Fab. 15), or to the island of Oenoe near Euboea, which was henceforth called Sicinus. (Schol. ad Apollon. i. 624.)
Myrina on Lemnos was named after the wife of Thoas
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a son of Icarius and Periboea, and a brother of Penelope. (Apollod. iii. 10. § 6.)
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a son of Borysthenes, and king of Tauris, into whose dominions Iphigenia was carried by Artemis, when she was to have been sacrificed. He was killed by Chryses. Anton. Lib. 27 ; Hygin. Fab. 121; Eurip. Iphig. Taur.)
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a son of Ornytus or Ornytion. (Pausanias ii. 4. § 3; Schol. ad Eurip. Or. 1087.)
Sisyphus had other sons besides Glaucus, the father of Bellerophontes a second was Ornytion, and besides him there were Thersander and Almus. Ornytion had a son Phocus, reputed to have been begotten by Poseidon. He migrated to Tithorea in what is now called Phocis, but Thoas, the younger son of Ornytion, remained behind at Corinth. Thoas begat Damophon, Damophon begat Propodas, and Propodas begat Doridas and Hyanthidas. While these were kings the Dorians took the field against Corinth, their leader being Aletes, the son of Hippotas, the son of Phylas, the son of Antiochus, the son of Heracles. So Doridas and Hyanthidas gave up the kingship to Aletes and remained at Corinth, but the Corinthian people were conquered in battle and expelled by the Dorians. Pausanias 2.4.3
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a Trojan who was slain by Menelaus. (Homer Iliad. xvi. 311.)
See also : Greek Mythology. Paintings, Drawings
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