Administrative Region : West Macedonia
Regional unit : Kozani
Aiani is a town in the regional unit of Kozani and has been designated as the historic seat [1] of the municipality of Kozani. It is located near Aliakmonas and is 22 km south of the city of Kozani.
Summary
It owes its name to the ancient city of Aiani, or Aiana, an ancient city of Macedonia in the region of Elimia, [2] the capital of the Aiani or Elimiotes. At a distance of about 1.5 km from the modern city is the ancient Aiani or Aiana, which was an important center of the region of Elimia. The founder of ancient Aiani is said to be Aianos, son of Elymos, king of the Tyrrhenians, a Macedonian city. [3]
Visitable attractions
In addition to the famous ancient Aiani in the area there is a church of Panagia of the time of Komnenos, three small churches with frescoes of 1552 by the deacon Zacharias and the basilica of Agios Dimitrios at the end of the 11th century. [4]
Settlements
The first settlements are reported to be the homes of hunters and farmers on the banks of the Aliakmonas River, such as Vervir (n), [5] Pulimistra and Karamatsuk. During the Classical period, an acropolis was created on the hill of Rach (the) Migal (the), where Aiani (or perhaps the sought-after Elimia) is located. Cultural activity during the Roman era is located at intersections at the sites of Uchinu and Rach (h) Czech.
During Roman times, Aiani seems to have been the administrative center of Elimiotida (seat of the "community of the Elimiotes"). Also, judging by the existence of several sanctuaries (such as Zeus the Most High, Artemis, Pluto, Mercury, Isis, etc.) both inside and outside the urban center, according to archeological and inscriptions, the city was also an important religious center of the area. However, in the post-Roman years - probably due to barbaric raids and catastrophes - it changed into a simple coma. This residential degradation was final, because during the reign of Diocletian a new urban center was founded, Caesarea, in the nearby "Paleokastro", that is, at a distance of only four kilometers from Aiani. [6]
Centuries later, the places of Kalian (the) where Aiani is today were inhabited, and the regional corresponding Silio, Ftilia, [7] Towards the end of the Byzantine years, the church of Agios Dimitrios was built outside the village and inside, in the present square, the "Assumption of the Virgin". The church of Agia Paraskevi, where an old, inactive cemetery is located, may have been built on an earlier ancient Greek sanctuary. During the Turkish occupation, Kaliani was an Ottoman stronghold [8] that coexisted with Christian ecclesiastical estates and shares in which monks rested by traveling to and from the monasteries of Zambourta and Zdiani or Zidane. According to the oldest written source (Concise Ottoman Tax Store TT 167) in 1530 Kaliani had 457 Christian and 3 Muslim households. In 1927 the village was renamed Aiani.
Archaeological Museum of Aiani
Archaeological Museum of Aiani
The Archaeological Museum of Aiani has invaluable archaeological finds found in the ancient city of Aiani. It is located in a large modern building, built in 1992-2002.
The archeological complex of the ancient city is located about 2 km northeast of the village and in it you can see the remains of the various buildings of the ancient city.
Archaeological Museum of Aiani
Golden fibula of the second half of the 6th century BC.
Head of the 6th century BC.
Vases of the 14th century BC
Head of Athena
Ceramic of the 14th century BC.
Work
The majority of the inhabitants cultivated cereals, cotton, maize, yolk, lentils and in recent years tobacco. Until the end of the 20th century, many harvested in the plain of Veria, while women and children harvested the fruits of the earth. Vlach cattle breeders soon found local imitators: the Gouliafadis, Boukadis, Vavliaradis and Tziveladis.
From 1940, most of the inhabitants were employed in the extraction of chromium in the settlements of Hteni and Rodiani and in the places of Skoumtzia, Xiroulivadou and Vouidolakkas. About ten residents of the DSE have fled to eastern countries. Many headed to Germany and Australia in the 1960s - some to Belgium - while others worked in asbestos mines in Zdiani and lignite mining in Eordea. About 20 years ago, a few dozen became active builders throughout Greece and the Arab world.
The Vlachs used to deal with trade and transport, but Grecoi would probably be the merchants (possibly yolk or leather) Ioannis Kallianotis and Dimos Toliopoulos who died abroad. The grocers Argyrios Kallianiotis and Ioannis Paschos made their careers in the village. Georgios Vavliaras was added more successfully. Many today are involved as (PPC workers) in local Classical and Byzantine Archeology.
civilization
Old manners and customs, such as e.g. Kolianda, Sorva, Chilidona, Apoukries, Lazarinis, are part of the canvas of a pre-capitalist Balkan hinterland. The men's uniforms (black skirts) are similar to the corresponding ones of Kamvouni and Hassia, while the corresponding women's ones, obviously older, are obviously influenced by the North. These mass habits waned during the Civil War, when the girls sought refuge in the cities, but mainly after the village was electrified in the early 1970s.
Most of the customs, especially the Lazarines, became more widely known thanks to the robust activity of a persistent archaeologist and romantic zealot, the teacher Konstantinos Siambanopoulos, who had been motivated, among others, by Christos Manolis, an unmarried German-born man who in Thessaloniki. The medieval customs owe their current existence almost exclusively to the generous financial assistance of the Municipal Authority through the association "i Proodos" and to the tireless work of the respective dance teachers such as e.g. of Argyrios Papazisis.
New events such as the Road of Apollodorus and the Feasts of Waters are also based on state resources. But some, such as Camilla, the ants of Myringos and Lakkusta and the equestrian transport of the bones of Saint Nicanor from Zamburda, belong - or rather belonged to the former - completely to the private initiative.
See also
Relief of Pluto from Aiani Kozani
References
Government Gazette AD87 of 7-06-2010
Alexandros Rizos Ragavis. Dictionary of ancient Greece
Anestis Konstantinidis, Dictionary of Archeology 1900
histol. Ministry of Culturel
Kallianiotis Thanasis, Ververi: a mysterious medieval settlement
[1] Archived 2017-04-24 on Wayback Machine. DK Samsaris, Historical geography of the Roman province of Macedonia (The part of present-day Western Macedonia), Thessaloniki 1989 (Society for Macedonian Studies), pp. 70-71. ISBN 960-7265-01-7.
Kallianiotis Thanasis, Ftilia: an ancient settlement… Part B: toponymic history, Vervir (the) and Touchl (the)
Sezer Hamiyet, A research on the estates of Tepelenlis Ali Pasha, [2]
Kallianiotis Thanasis, "Kaliani (Aiani) at the dawn of the 20th century: the electoral list of 1908", Intervention 144 (June-August 2008) 76-8
External links
Aiani, a distant excavation (ERT documentary archive)
Lazarines of Macedonia (ERT documentary archive)
Official website of the Aiani Museum
| Municipal unit Aiani |
|---|
|
Municipal Community Aiani
|
| Aiani (Αιανή, η) |
| Community Agia Paraskevi |
| Αγία Παρασκευή, η |
| Community Kerasea |
| Kerasea (Κερασέα, η) |
| Community Kteni |
| Kteni (Κτένι, το) |
| Community Rodiani |
| Rodiani (Ροδιανή, η) |
| Community Rymni |
| Ρύμνι, το |
| Community Chromio |
| Χρώμι, το |
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