Brian Kent Kobilka (born May 30, 1955)[1] is an American physiologist and a recipient of the 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Robert Lefkowitz for discoveries that reveal the workings of G protein-coupled receptors. He is currently a professor in the department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology at Stanford University School of Medicine. He is also a co-founder of ConfometRx, a biotechnology company focusing on G protein-coupled receptors. He was named a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2011.
Early life
Kobilka attended St. Mary's Grade School in Little Falls, Minnesota, a part of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint Cloud.[2] He then graduated from Little Falls High School. He received a Bachelor’s Degree in Biology and Chemistry from the University of Minnesota Duluth, and earned his M.D., cum laude, from Yale University School of Medicine. Following the completion of his residency in internal medicine at Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine's Barnes-Jewish Hospital. Kobilka worked in research as a postdoctoral fellow under Robert Lefkowitz at Duke University, where he started work on cloning the β2-adrenergic receptor. Kobilka moved to Stanford in 1989.[3] He was a Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) investigator from 1987 to 2003.[4]
Research
Kobilka in Stockholm 2012
Kobilka is best known for his research on the structure and activity of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs); in particular, work from Kobilka's laboratory determined the molecular structure of the β2-adrenergic receptor.[5][6][7][8] This work has been highly cited by other scientists because GPCRs are important targets for pharmaceutical therapeutics, but notoriously difficult to work with in X-ray crystallography.[9] Before, rhodopsin was the only G-protein coupled receptor where the structure had been determined at high resolution. The β2-adrenergic receptor structure was soon followed by the determination of the molecular structure of several other G-protein coupled receptors.[10]
Kobilka is the 1994 recipient of the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics John J. Abel Award in Pharmacology.[11] His GPCR structure work was named "runner-up" for the 2007 "Breakthrough of the Year" award from Science.[12] The work was, in part, supported by Kobilka's 2004 Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award[13] from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.[14] He received the 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Robert Lefkowitz for his work on G protein-coupled receptors.[15][16] In 2017, Kobilka received the Golden Plate Award of the American Academy of Achievement.[17]
As part of Shenzhen’s 13th Five-Year Plan funding research in emerging technologies and opening "Nobel laureate research labs",[18] in 2017 he opened the Kobilka Institute of Innovative Drug Discovery at the CUHK Shenzhen campus in Southern China.[19]
Personal life
Kobilka is from Little Falls in central Minnesota. Both his grandfather Felix J. Kobilka (1893–1991) and his father Franklyn A. Kobilka (1921–2004) were bakers and natives of Little Falls, Minnesota.[20][21][22] Kobilka's grandmother, Isabelle Susan Kobilka (née Medved, 1891–1980), belonged to the Medved and Kiewel families of Prussian immigrants, who from 1888 owned the historical Kiewel brewery in Little Falls. His mother is Betty L. Kobilka (née Faust, b. 1930).
Kobilka met his wife Tong Sun Thian, a Malaysian-Chinese woman,[23] at the University of Minnesota Duluth. They have two children, Jason and Megan Kobilka.[20][24]
References
"BRIAN K. KOBILKA, MD". Tsinghua University School of Medicine. Archived from the original on 2012-12-16. Retrieved 2013-01-16.
"Catholic scientist at Stanford shares Nobel Prize for work in chemistry". Catholic News Service. 2012-10-23. Archived from the original on 2013-02-15. Retrieved 2013-01-19.
Nature Reviews Drug Discovery GPCR Questionnaire Participants (2004). "The state of GPCR research in 2004 : Nature Reviews Drug Discovery". Nature Reviews Drug Discovery. Nature. 3 (7): 577–626. doi:10.1038/nrd1458. PMID 15272499. S2CID 33620092. Retrieved 2013-01-19.
"Brian K. Kobilka, M.D." HHMI. Archived from the original on 2014-05-02. Retrieved 2013-01-19.
"Cell Insights Could Bring Better Drugs". Forbes. Archived from the original on 2011-02-15. Retrieved 2013-01-23.
Rasmussen SG, Choi HJ, Rosenbaum DM, Kobilka TS, Thian FS, Edwards PC, Burghammer M, Ratnala VR, Sanishvili R, Fischetti RF, Schertler GF, Weis WI, Kobilka BK (2007). "Crystal structure of the human β2-adrenergic G-protein-coupled receptor". Nature. 450 (7168): 383–7. Bibcode:2007Natur.450..383R. doi:10.1038/nature06325. PMID 17952055. S2CID 4407117.
Cherezov V, Rosenbaum DM, Hanson MA, Rasmussen SG, Thian FS, Kobilka TS, Choi HJ, Kuhn P, Weis WI, Kobilka BK, Stevens RC (2007). "High Resolution Crystal Structure of an Engineered Human β2-Adrenergic G protein-Coupled Receptor". Science. 318 (5854): 1258–65. Bibcode:2007Sci...318.1258C. doi:10.1126/science.1150577. PMC 2583103. PMID 17962520.
Rosenbaum DM, Cherezov V, Hanson MA, Rasmussen SG, Thian FS, Kobilka TS, Choi HJ, Yao XJ, Weis WI, Stevens RC, Kobilka BK (2007). "GPCR engineering yields high-resolution structural insights into β2-adrenergic receptor function". Science. 318 (5854): 1266–73. Bibcode:2007Sci...318.1266R. doi:10.1126/science.1150609. PMID 17962519. S2CID 1559802.
ScienceWatch.com:"Interview with Brian Kobilka". Archived from the original on 2010-05-08. Retrieved 2008-10-16.
Hanson, M. A.; Stevens, R. C. (2009). "Discovery of New GPCR Biology: One Receptor Structure at a Time". Structure. 17 (1): 8–14. doi:10.1016/j.str.2008.12.003. PMC 2813843. PMID 19141277.
"John J. Abel Award". ASPET. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
"Kobilka's work recognized in magazine award". Stanford University. 2008-01-09. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
"Javits Neuroscience Investigator Award Recognizes Eight Exemplary Scientists". National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). 2004-11-10. Archived from the original on 2008-10-07. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
"The Structure of an Important Drug Target Made Crystal Clear". National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). 2007-12-05. Archived from the original on 2008-10-01. Retrieved 2013-01-24.
Hotz, Robert Lee (October 10, 2012). "U.S. Scientists Win Chemistry Nobel". The Wall Street Journal Online. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
"Americans Robert Lefkowitz and Brian Kobilka win 2012 Nobel Prize in chemistry". Daily News. AP. 10 October 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2012.
"Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement". www.achievement.org. American Academy of Achievement.
"Shenzhen Has 7 Nobel Prize Winners' Labs, 3 More Planned". That's Online. Retrieved 2021-03-15.
"KOBILKA INSTITUTE OF INNOVATIVE DRUG DISCOVERY | CUHK-Shenzhen". lhs.cuhk.edu.cn. Retrieved 2021-03-15.
"Franklyn A. Kobilka, 83". ECM Publishers, Inc. 2004-03-16. Archived from the original on 2012-12-09. Retrieved 2013-01-16.
Paul Walsh; Alejandra Matos (2012-10-11). "Little Falls bakery helps deliver a sweet reward: Nobel Prize". StarTribune. Retrieved 2013-01-16.
"Social Security Death Index". Archived from the original on 2012-12-06. Retrieved 2012-10-10.
大馬華人女婿獲諾獎‧化學獎得主科比爾卡會煮豉油雞 (in Chinese). 星洲日報. 2012-10-11. Archived from the original on 2012-12-19. Retrieved 2013-01-16.
Buchen, Lizzie (24 August 2011). "Cell signalling: It's all about the structure". Nature. 476 (7361): 387–390. Bibcode:2011Natur.476..387B. doi:10.1038/476387a. PMID 21866135.
Publications
Bokoch, Michael P.; Zou, Yaozhong; Rasmussen, Søren G.F.; Kobilka, Brian K.; et al. (2010). "Ligand-specific regulation of the extracellular surface of a G-protein-coupled receptor". Nature. 463 (1): 108–112. Bibcode:2010Natur.463..108B. doi:10.1038/nature08650. OSTI 1002248. PMC 2805469. PMID 20054398.
Rasmussen, Søren G.F.; DeVree, Brian T.; Zou, Yaozhong; Kobilka, Tong Sun; Kobilka, Brian K.; et al. (2011). "Crystal Structure of the β2 Adrenergic Receptor—Gs Protein Complex". Nature. 477 (9): 549–555. Bibcode:2011Natur.477..549R. doi:10.1038/nature10361. OSTI 1026537. PMC 3184188. PMID 21772288.
Haga, Kazuko; Kruse, Andrew C.; Asada, Hidetsugu; Kobilka, Brian K.; et al. (2012). "Structure of the human M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor bound to an antagonist". Nature. 482 (2): 547–551. Bibcode:2012Natur.482..547H. doi:10.1038/nature10753. OSTI 1035713. PMC 3345277. PMID 22278061.
Manglik, Aashish; Kruse, Andrew C.; Kobilka, Tong Sun; Kobilka, Brian K.; et al. (2012). "Crystal structure of the µ-opioid receptor bound to a morphinan antagonist". Nature. 485 (7398): 321–326. Bibcode:2012Natur.485..321M. doi:10.1038/nature10954. OSTI 1043732. PMC 3523197. PMID 22437502.
External links
Kobilka laboratory home page
Brian Kobilka academic profile Archived 2012-10-14 at the Wayback Machine
ConfometRx home page
Brian Kobilka on Nobelprize.org Edit this at Wikidata
Awards
Preceded by
Dan Shechtman
Nobel Prize in Chemistry laureate
2012
With: Robert Lefkowitz Succeeded by
Michael Levitt
Martin Karplus
Arieh Warshel
vte
Laureates of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry
1901–1925
1901: Jacobus van 't Hoff 1902: Emil Fischer 1903: Svante Arrhenius 1904: William Ramsay 1905: Adolf von Baeyer 1906: Henri Moissan 1907: Eduard Buchner 1908: Ernest Rutherford 1909: Wilhelm Ostwald 1910: Otto Wallach 1911: Marie Curie 1912: Victor Grignard / Paul Sabatier 1913: Alfred Werner 1914: Theodore Richards 1915: Richard Willstätter 1916 1917 1918: Fritz Haber 1919 1920: Walther Nernst 1921: Frederick Soddy 1922: Francis Aston 1923: Fritz Pregl 1924 1925: Richard Zsigmondy
1926–1950
1926: Theodor Svedberg 1927: Heinrich Wieland 1928: Adolf Windaus 1929: Arthur Harden / Hans von Euler-Chelpin 1930: Hans Fischer 1931: Carl Bosch / Friedrich Bergius 1932: Irving Langmuir 1933 1934: Harold Urey 1935: Frédéric Joliot-Curie / Irène Joliot-Curie 1936: Peter Debye 1937: Norman Haworth / Paul Karrer 1938: Richard Kuhn 1939: Adolf Butenandt / Leopold Ružička 1940 1941 1942 1943: George de Hevesy 1944: Otto Hahn 1945: Artturi Virtanen 1946: James B. Sumner / John Northrop / Wendell Meredith Stanley 1947: Robert Robinson 1948: Arne Tiselius 1949: William Giauque 1950: Otto Diels / Kurt Alder
1951–1975
1951: Edwin McMillan / Glenn T. Seaborg 1952: Archer Martin / Richard Synge 1953: Hermann Staudinger 1954: Linus Pauling 1955: Vincent du Vigneaud 1956: Cyril Hinshelwood / Nikolay Semyonov 1957: Alexander Todd 1958: Frederick Sanger 1959: Jaroslav Heyrovský 1960: Willard Libby 1961: Melvin Calvin 1962: Max Perutz / John Kendrew 1963: Karl Ziegler / Giulio Natta 1964: Dorothy Hodgkin 1965: Robert Woodward 1966: Robert S. Mulliken 1967: Manfred Eigen / Ronald Norrish / George Porter 1968: Lars Onsager 1969: Derek Barton / Odd Hassel 1970: Luis Federico Leloir 1971: Gerhard Herzberg 1972: Christian B. Anfinsen / Stanford Moore / William Stein 1973: Ernst Otto Fischer / Geoffrey Wilkinson 1974: Paul Flory 1975: John Cornforth / Vladimir Prelog
1976–2000
1976: William Lipscomb 1977: Ilya Prigogine 1978: Peter D. Mitchell 1979: Herbert C. Brown / Georg Wittig 1980: Paul Berg / Walter Gilbert / Frederick Sanger 1981: Kenichi Fukui / Roald Hoffmann 1982: Aaron Klug 1983: Henry Taube 1984: Robert Merrifield 1985: Herbert A. Hauptman / Jerome Karle 1986: Dudley R. Herschbach / Yuan T. Lee / John Polanyi 1987: Donald J. Cram / Jean-Marie Lehn / Charles J. Pedersen 1988: Johann Deisenhofer / Robert Huber / Hartmut Michel 1989: Sidney Altman / Thomas Cech 1990: Elias Corey 1991: Richard R. Ernst 1992: Rudolph A. Marcus 1993: Kary Mullis / Michael Smith 1994: George Olah 1995: Paul J. Crutzen / Mario Molina / F. Sherwood Rowland 1996: Robert Curl / Harold Kroto / Richard Smalley 1997: Paul D. Boyer / John E. Walker / Jens Christian Skou 1998: Walter Kohn / John Pople 1999: Ahmed Zewail 2000: Alan J. Heeger / Alan MacDiarmid / Hideki Shirakawa
2001–present
2001: William Knowles / Ryoji Noyori / K. Barry Sharpless 2002: John B. Fenn / Koichi Tanaka / Kurt Wüthrich 2003: Peter Agre / Roderick MacKinnon 2004: Aaron Ciechanover / Avram Hershko / Irwin Rose 2005: Robert H. Grubbs / Richard R. Schrock / Yves Chauvin 2006: Roger D. Kornberg 2007: Gerhard Ertl 2008: Osamu Shimomura / Martin Chalfie / Roger Y. Tsien 2009: Venkatraman Ramakrishnan / Thomas A. Steitz / Ada E. Yonath 2010: Richard F. Heck / Akira Suzuki / Ei-ichi Negishi 2011: Dan Shechtman 2012: Robert Lefkowitz / Brian Kobilka 2013: Martin Karplus / Michael Levitt / Arieh Warshel 2014: Eric Betzig / Stefan Hell / William E. Moerner 2015: Tomas Lindahl / Paul L. Modrich / Aziz Sancar 2016: Jean-Pierre Sauvage / Fraser Stoddart / Ben Feringa 2017: Jacques Dubochet / Joachim Frank / Richard Henderson 2018: Frances Arnold / Gregory Winter / George Smith 2019: John B. Goodenough / M. Stanley Whittingham / Akira Yoshino 2020: Emmanuelle Charpentier / Jennifer Doudna 2021: David MacMillan / Benjamin List 2022: Carolyn R. Bertozzi / Morten P. Meldal / Karl Barry Sharpless 2023: Moungi G. Bawendi / Louis E. Brus / Alexei I. Ekimov
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