Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777–1855) is the eponym of all of the topics listed below. There are over 100 topics all named after this German mathematician and scientist, all in the fields of mathematics, physics, and astronomy. The English eponymous adjective Gaussian is pronounced /ˈɡaʊsiən/.[1]
Mathematics
Various Gaussian curvatures
Algebra and linear algebra
Gaussian elimination, also known as "row reduction" or "Gaussian method"
Gauss–Jordan elimination
Gauss–Seidel method
Gauss's cyclotomic formula
Gauss's lemma in relation to polynomials
Gaussian binomial coefficient, also called Gaussian polynomial or Gaussian coefficient
Gauss transformation
Geometry and differential geometry
Gauss map
Gauss–Bodenmiller theorem – described on website of University of Crete
Gauss–Bolyai–Lobachevsky space, a hyperbolic geometry
Gauss–Bonnet theorem, a theorem about curvature in differential geometry for 2d surfaces
Chern–Gauss–Bonnet theorem in differential geometry, Shiing-Shen Chern's generalization of the above theorem to higher dimensions
Gauss's braid in braid theory – a four-strand braid
Gauss–Codazzi equations
Gauss–Manin connection, a connection on a vector bundle over a family of algebraic varieties
Gauss–Newton line – described in Journal for Geometry and Graphics, see also Newton line
Gauss's area formula
Gauss's lemma in Riemannian geometry
Gauss map in differential geometry
Gaussian curvature, defined in his Theorema egregium
Gauss circle problem
Number theory
Gaussian moat
Gauss–Kuzmin–Wirsing constant, a constant in number theory
Gauss's constant, the reciprocal of the AGM of 1 and 2 \scriptstyle {\sqrt {2}}
Gauss's digamma theorem, a theorem about the digamma function
Gauss's generalization of Wilson's theorem
Gauss's lemma in number theory
Gauss composition law – described on website of University of Université de Montréal
Gauss map in number theory
Gaussian moat
Gauss class number problem
Gauss's multiplication formula
Cyclotomic fields
Gaussian period
Gaussian rational
Gauss sum, an exponential sum over Dirichlet characters
Elliptic Gauss sum, an analog of a Gauss sum
Quadratic Gauss sum
Analysis, numerical analysis, vector calculus and calculus of variations
Comparison between 2-point Gaussian and trapezoidal quadrature.
Comparison between 2-point Gaussian and trapezoidal quadrature.
Gaussian quadrature
Gauss–Hermite quadrature
Gauss–Jacobi quadrature
Gauss–Kronrod quadrature formula
Gauss–Newton algorithm
Gauss–Legendre algorithm
Gauss's complex multiplication algorithm
Gauss's theorem may refer to the divergence theorem, which is also known as the Ostrogradsky–Gauss theorem
Gauss pseudospectral method
Gauss transform, also known as Weierstrass transform.
Complex analysis and convex analysis
Gauss–Lucas theorem
Gauss's continued fraction, an analytic continued fraction derived from the hypergeometric functions
Gauss's criterion – described on Encyclopedia of Mathematics
Gauss's hypergeometric theorem, an identity on hypergeometric series
Gauss plane
Statistics
Gaussian copula
Gauss–Kuzmin distribution, a discrete probability distribution
Gauss–Markov process
Gauss–Markov theorem
Gaussian copula
Gaussian measure
Gaussian correlation inequality
Gaussian isoperimetric inequality
Gauss's inequality
Gaussian function and topics named for it
Gaussian curve with a 2-dimensional domain
The normal distribution, also known as the Gaussian distribution, the most common bell curve in statistics
The Gaussian function, the function used in the normal distribution, but also used elsewhere
The exponentially modified Gaussian distribution or function, used for description of peak shape in many techniques
Gauss error function
Gaussian process
Gaussian filter
Gauss iterated map (dynamical systems)
Additive white Gaussian noise
Gaussian beam
Gaussian blur, a technique in image processing
Gaussian fixed point
Gaussian random field
Gaussian free field
Gaussian integral
Gaussian variogram model
Gaussian mixture model
Gaussian network model
Gaussian noise
Gaussian smoothing
The inverse Gaussian distribution, also known as the Wald distribution
Knot theory
Linking integral
Gauss code – described on website of University of Toronto
Gauss linking integral (knot theory)
Other mathematical areas
Gauss's algorithm for determination of the day of the week
Gauss's Easter algorithm
Gaussian brackets – described on WolframMathWorld
Gaussian's modular arithmetic
Gaussian integer, usually written as Z[i]
Gaussian prime
Gaussian logarithms (also known as addition and subtraction logarithms)
Cartography
NCEP T62 Gaussian grid points
Gaussian grid points
Gauss–Krüger coordinate system
Gaussian grid
Physics
Optics
Gauss lens
Double-Gauss lens
Gaussian optics
Classical mechanics
Gauss's principle of least constraint
For orbit determination in orbital mechanics:
Gauss's law for gravity
Gaussian gravitational constant
Gaussian year
Gauss's method
Quantum mechanics
Gaussian orbital
Electromagnetism
Gauss gun
Gaussian units
gauss, the CGS unit for magnetic flux density
Degaussing, to demagnetize an object
Gauss rifle or coilgun
Gauss's law for magnetism
Gaussian surface
Gauss's law, giving the relationship between flux through a closed surface and the enclosed source
Awards and recognitions
Carl Friedrich Gauss Prize, a mathematics award
Gauss Lectureship, a mathematical distinction
The Gauss Mathematics Competition in Canadian junior high schools, an annual national mathematics competition administered by the Centre for Education in Mathematics and Computing
Other things named for him
Biology
Gaussia maya
Gaussia, a palm genus described by Hermann Wendland with the then new species Gaussia princeps, collected by Charles Wright in western Cuba. Named in "memoriam astronomi Caroli Friderici Gauss".[2]
Gaussia, a genus of copepods
Informatics
Gaussian, a computational chemistry software program
GAUSS[citation needed], a matrix programming language for mathematics and statistics
Place names and expedition named in his honour
The Gaussberg in Braunschweig, Germany with the Gauss memorial in front
terrestrial
The Gauss expedition, the first German expedition to Antarctica (1901–1903)
The ship Gauss, used in the Gauss expedition to the Antarctic
Gaussberg in Antarctica, an extinct volcano discovered by the Gauss expedition
Mount Gauss, in Antarctica
Gauss Peninsula, East Greenland
Gaussberg, a hill in Braunschweig
celestial
Crater Gauss on the Moon[3]
Asteroid 1001 Gaussia
Institutions and buildings named in his honour
The Carl-Friedrich-Gauss Fakultät of Braunschweig University of Technology[4]
Several school in Germany named after Gauss
Several buildings named "Gauss Haus" or "Gauss Building":
Gauss Tower, an observation tower in Dransfeld, Germany
The Gauss Building at the University of Idaho (College of Engineering)
Gauss Haus, an NMR center at the University of Utah
The 'Gauss House', a common room in the University of Sussex Mathematical and Physical Sciences department.
A dormitory building is named after him in University of California, Santa Cruz, in Crown College
Monuments and memorial plaques
Gauss Monuments were erected in Brunswick and Göttingen (the last together with Weber). Busts of Gauss were placed in the Walhalla temple near Regensburg and in the German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam. Several places where Gauss has stayed in Germany are marked with plaques.
Bust by Hans Weddo von Glümer (1895) in the German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam[5]
Bust by Hans Weddo von Glümer (1895) in the German Research Centre for Geosciences in Potsdam[5]
Gauss memorial on the Wilseder Berg, highest point in the Luneburg Heath
Gauss memorial on the Wilseder Berg, highest point in the Luneburg Heath
Other commemorations
From 1989 through 2001, Gauss' portrait, a normal distribution curve and some prominent Göttingen buildings, were featured on the front-side of a German ten-mark banknote. The reverse featured a part of the Hanoverian triangulation and his invention of a vice heliotrope.[6] Germany has also issued three postage stamps honoring Gauss, one in 1955 on the hundredth anniversary of his death and two others in 1977, the 200th anniversary of his birth.
German 10-Deutsche Mark Banknote (1993) with formula and graph of normal distribution; portrait as mirror image of the Jensen portrait (background: some Göttingen buildings)
Back of German 10-Deutsche Mark Banknote (1993) with vice heliotrope and a section of the triangulation network (background: mathematical signs)
References
Wells, John (2008). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary (3rd ed.). Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
Wendland, H., 1865. Ueber die neue Palmengatung Gaussia. Nachr. Königl. Ges. Wiss. Georg-Augusts-Univ. 1865.
Andersson, L. E.; Whitaker, E. A., (1982). NASA Catalogue of Lunar Nomenclature. NASA RP-1097.
Carl-Friedrich-Gauß-Fakultät
Reich, Karin (2019). "Bessel, Gauß und Baeyer: Drei Büsten im ehemalig Königlich Geodätischen Institut Potsdam, heute Helmert-Haus, im 'Wissenschaftspark Albert Einstein, Telegrafenberg Potsdam'". Mitteilungen der Gauss-Gesellschaft (in German) (56): 67–74.
Voigt, Hans-Heinrich (1991). "Carl Friedrich Gauss auf dem neuen Zehn-Mark-Schein". Sterne und Weltraum. 30 (8–9): 490–491.
Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics
Graduate Studies in Mathematics
Hellenica World - Scientific Library
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