French mathematical seminars

French mathematical seminars have been an important type of institution combining research and exposition, active since the beginning of the twentieth century.

From 1909 to 1937, the Séminaire Hadamard gathered many participants (f. i. André Weil) around the presentation of international research papers and work in progress. The Séminaire Julia focussed on yearly themes and impulsed the Bourbaki movement. The Séminaire Nicolas Bourbaki is the most famous, but is atypical in a number of ways: it attempts to cover, if selectively, the whole of pure mathematics, and its talks are now, by convention, reports and surveys on research by someone not directly involved. More standard is a working group organised around a specialist area, with research talks given and written up 'from the horse's mouth'.

Historically speaking, the Séminaire Cartan of the late 1940s and early 1950s, around Henri Cartan, was one of the most influential. Publication in those days was by means of the duplicated exemplaire (limited distribution and not peer-reviewed). The seminar model was tested, almost to destruction, by the SGA series of Alexander Grothendieck.
Notable seminars

Séminaire Bourbaki, still current, general; Nicolas Bourbaki
Séminaire Brelot-Choquet-Deny (from 1957), potential theory; Marcel Brelot, Gustave Choquet, Jacques Deny
Séminaire Cartan, homological algebra, sheaf theory, several complex variables; Henri Cartan and his students
Séminaire Châtelet-Dubreil, Dubreil, Dubreil-Pisot, from 1951 [1], abstract algebra
Séminaire Chevalley, algebraic geometry, late 1950s
Séminaire Delange-Pisot, then Delange-Pisot-Poitou, from 1959 [2], number theory
Séminaire Ehresmann, differential geometry and category theory; Charles Ehresmann
Séminaire Grothendieck, from 1957, became Grothendieck's Séminaire de Géométrie Algébrique
Séminaire Janet, differential equations
Séminaire Kahane
Séminaire Lelong, several complex variables
Séminaire Schwartz, functional analysis; Laurent Schwartz