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NUDUS (γυμνός). These words, besides denoting absolute nakedness, which was to be ἀναμπέχονος καὶ ἀχίτων (compare Moschus, 4.98), were applied to anyone who, being without an AMICTUS wore only his tunic. (Aristoph. Eccl. 409; Lysist. 150; John 21.7.) In this state of semi-nudity, the ancients performed the operations of ploughing, sowing, and reaping. (Hes. Op. et Dies, 391; Aristoph. Lys. 1177; Verg. G. 1.299; Aelian, Ael. VH 6.11, 13.27; Matt. 24.18.) Thus Cincinnatus was found nudus at the plough when he was called to be dictator, and sent for his toga, that he might appear before the senate. (Plin. Nat. 18.20; Aur. Vict. de Vir. Illust. 17; Liv. 3.26.) The accompanying woodcut is taken
Man ploughing in his tunic. (From an ancient gem.)
from an antique gem in the Florentine Collection, and shows a man ploughing in his tunic only.
This term applied to the warrior expressed the absence of some part of his armour. Hence the light armed were called γυμνῆτες.
Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities
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