.
Agamemnon Koutsogiorgas (Greek: Αγαμέμνων Κουτσόγιωργας), commonly known as Menios Koutsogiorgas (Μένιος Κουτσόγιωργας), was a Greek lawyer and politician. As a close associate of Andreas Papandreou, the founder and leader of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK), Koutsogiorgas emerged as the most powerful cabinet member during PASOK's 1981–1989 government, and was widely regarded as Papandreou's heir apparent. Embroiled in the George Koskotas scandal however, he was brought before a Special Tribunal. During the procedure he collapsed in the court room on 11 April 1991 and died a week later.
Early life and professional career
Koutsogiorgas was born in May 1922 in the village of Rodini in the Achaea Prefecture. He studied at the Law School of the University of Athens, and continued his studies in the Law Faculty of the University of Paris in 1957–1958. During the Axis Occupation of Greece in the Second World War, Koutsogiorgas was active in the Omiros resistance group, and was arrested and imprisoned by the Italian occupation authorities.
In the post-war era, he became a prominent Athens lawyer, and was closely associated with Georgios Papandreou, the leader of the Liberal Party and later of the Centre Union. During the ASPIDA scandal of 1965, he was defence attorney to the Georgios Papandreou's son, Andreas Papandreou. During the Greek military junta of 1967–1974, Koutsogiorgas participated in attempts to organize armed resistance against the regime as early as 1967, and was arrested and imprisoned after arms and radio transmitters were discovered at his home. He was later released, but re-arrested in 1970 and held for a while, undergoing interrogation by the infamous EAT-ESA.
Political career
As a close associate of Andreas Papandreou, Koutsogiorgas became a founding member of the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) during the metapolitefsi.
He was elected Member of Parliament in the first national election that took place in November 1974 after the fall of the military government. He held a parliament seat for the perfecture of Achaea in all successive national elections until 1989. In the first PASOK cabinet, Koutsogiorgas was appointed Minister to the Presidency of the Government on 21 October 1981, a post he held until 17 January 1984, when he was named Minister for the Interior. He held the post until resigning on 9 May 1985 before the parliamentary elections, with the exception of the period 22 May – 21 June 1984, when he was replaced by an acting minister for the European Parliament election.[1] During this time he played a major role in the March 1985 political crisis over the issue of the re-nomination of then-President of Greece Constantine Karamanlis for a second term. Papandreou had promised it several times, but the PASOK party base and Koutsogiorgas himself fiercely opposed it. Eventually, largely through Koutsogiorgas' own machinations, PASOK proposed the judge Christos Sartzetakis for the post.[2][3]
Following PASOK's electoral victory in the 1985 election, Koutsogiorgas was re-appointed Interior Minister on 5 June 1985. In the reshuffle of 26 July 1985, he assumed the Public Order portfolio as well, keeping it until 25 April 1986.[4] He remained Interior Minister until 5 February 1987, and on 23 September 1987, he was appointed Vice-President of the Government and Minister for Justice.[4] While popular with the broader PASOK electorate but lacking a strong party base, this appointment made him the de facto number two in the government. During Papandreou's illness in 1988 and his absence from Greece in August-September for a heart bypass operation in the United Kingdom Koutsogiorgas functioned as the virtual Prime Minister.[2]
At the same time however, he came under increasing criticism from the press and from within PASOK for his handling of the George Koskotas and his Bank of Crete scandal, in particular over a bank secrecy law that allowed Koskotas to evade scrutiny. He continued to enjoy the support of Papandreou: although he was forced to quit the posts of Vice-President of the Government and Justice Minister on 18 November 1988, he was re-appointed as Minister to the Presidency of the Government.[2][4] The mounting crisis peaked in March 1989, when tapes were released which purported to show that he had received 2 million US dollars in a Swiss bank account for "tailoring" the bank secrecy law for Koskotas. Papandreou survived a vote of confidence in parliament, but Koutsogiorgas submitted his resignation on 16 March 1989.[2][4]
On 18 May, the PASOK Central Committee voted against him standing as a candidate during the June 1989 parliamentary elections until the investigation on the Bank of Crete case was complete.[2] On 27 September, in a Parliament vote Koutsogiorgas along with Andreas Papandreou, Dimitris Tsovolas and Giorgos Petsos were sent to a Special Tribunal set up to investigate the Koskotas scandal. Alone among the accused, Koutsogiorgas was placed into pre-trial custody at Korydallos prison on 2 October 1990. The trial began in a heavily politicized atmosphere on 11 March 1991. On 11 April, while examining a witness, Koutsogiorgas collapsed in the courtroom and died seven days later. His funeral gathered large crowds in the center of Athens and developed into a political protest against the continuing proceedings of the Special Tribunal. The later was seen by a large part of the press and the population as politically motivated and a result of partizan politics.
Family
Menios Koutsogiorgas was married with Aliki Koutsogiorga and had three children.
Honours & Decorations
Grand Officier of the Ordre national du Mérite, French Republic
Grand Decoration of Honour in Gold with Sash (Großes Goldenes Ehrenzeichen am Bande), Republic of Austria
Knight of the Order of Prince Henry (Ordem do Infante Dom Henrique), Republic of Portugal
Commandery with Star of the Order of Merit of the People's Republic of Poland
Order of the Nile, Arab Republic of Egypt
Grand Cross of the Republic of Cyprus
Grand Cross of the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
Medal for the National Resistance (1941-44), Hellenic Republic
References
^ "ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΣH ΑΝΔΡΕA ΠΑΠΑΝΔΡΕΟΥ - Από 21.10.1981 έως 5.6.1985" (in Greek). General Secretariat of the Greek Government. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
^ a b c d e Giorgos Lakopoulos (18 July 1999). "Απολύστε την Αεροσυνοδό" (in Greek). To Vima. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
^ "«Ο Μένιος ξεγέλασε Ανδρέα - Καραμανλή»" (in Greek). Eleftherotypia. 9 December 2001. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
^ a b c d "ΚΥΒΕΡΝΗΣH ΑΝΔΡΕA ΠΑΠΑΝΔΡΕΟΥ - Από 5.6.1985 έως 2.7.1989" (in Greek). General Secretariat of the Greek Government. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
| Ancient Greece
Science, Technology , Medicine , Warfare, , Biographies , Life , Cities/Places/Maps , Arts , Literature , Philosophy ,Olympics, Mythology , History , Images Medieval Greece / Byzantine Empire Science, Technology, Arts, , Warfare , Literature, Biographies, Icons, History Modern Greece Cities, Islands, Regions, Fauna/Flora ,Biographies , History , Warfare, Science/Technology, Literature, Music , Arts , Film/Actors , Sport , Fashion --- |
From Wikipedia, All text is available under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License
