Orestias (Greek: Ὀρεστιάς) was an ancient Greek settlement next to the Maritsa (or Evros) river, near or at the site of present-day Edirne, and close to the current border between Turkey and Greece.[1]
Legends claim that Orestias was founded by Orestes, the son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra.[1] Orestias or Orestia is thought to have been the same town as Uscudama (other variants: Uskudama, Uskadama, Uskodama) or Odrysa (other variants: Odrysia, Odrysos, Odrysus) which was the first Odrysian capital.[2] Orestias took its name by the Greeks, at least from the time Philip II of Macedon took over the town. The Roman emperor Hadrian expanded the town into a city, gave it a strong fortification and renamed it to Hadrianopolis. However the name Orestias for the city of Hadrian, was still used by many writers at the Byzantine era, along with Adrianoupolis.[1][3][4] During the Ottoman period the name of Adrianou(polis) was paraphrased by the Turks and eventually became Edirne.
In 1920 when the Greeks took over most of Eastern Thrace including Edirne, they restored the city's Roman name (Adrianoupolis) and not its old Greek name (Orestias), which was given to its suburb Karaağaç, in remembrance of the ancient Thracian town.
Orestiada (or Nea Orestias or New Orestias) is a modern Greek town founded in 1923 on a site 17 km to the south of Orestias, to house Greek refugees who had to abandon the latter border town, which was given to Turkey (along with two villages) by the Treaty of Lausanne.
See also
List of ancient Greek cities
References
Anthon, Charles (1842). A Classical Dictionary, containing an account of the principal proper names mentioned in ancient authors. New York: Harper and Brothers.
Duridanov, Ivan. The Language of the Thracians
Smith, William (1854). "HADRIANO´POLIS". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London.
Mannert, Konrad (1812). Geographie der Griechen und Römer, Band 7. Nuremberg.
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