Administrative Region : Peloponnese
Regional unit : Messinia
Lachanada [4], formerly referred to as Lachanades, is a settlement near Methoni and belongs administratively to the Municipality of Pylos - Nestoros, in the Prefecture of Messinia.
Location
Lachanada is located east of Methoni, about 12.5 km and northeast of Finikounda, about 2.5 km. It has an altitude of 101 [1] [5] meters and is about 2.5 kilometers from the sea. Near Lachanada are also, to the southeast, Grizokampos at a distance of about 4.5 km and to the southwest, the Hounakia, at a distance of about 2 km respectively.
History
The village has a long history that follows the history of Messinia and the wider region of both Methoni and Pylia. The area of the settlement, in antiquity, was part of the kingdom of Nestor, the ancient Pylos. The village has existed, at least since the years of Venetian rule, and its oldest name was Lachanades. The Lachanades were formerly two nearby villages, which were gradually deserted during the Turkish occupation. The area was almost uninhabited at the end of the Revolution of 1821 and was inhabited by only a few cattle breeders, originally from Arcadia (Chrysovitsi, Arkoudorema, Limbovisi). These Arcadians were also known as the "ascending and descending", a name previously given to them, as in the spring they went up with their flocks to Arcadia, while in the winter they went down to the winters of Messinia. [6] In the village, some years after the establishment of the Greek State, several Cretans settled in it, [7] who migrated to free Greece with the central trunk of the Peloponnese, to avoid the persecutions and massacres that took place in the then occupied Crete, as the island was at war and there were successive Cretan revolutions during the 19th century against Ottoman rule. According to local tradition, about 50 families from the Cretans of Methoni, around 1831 [7] or 1835, settled in one of the two villages of Lachanades, which had ruined houses. These families came mainly from Rethymno and secondarily from Chania and Heraklion and chose to stay in the eastern village of Lachanades, where there were also the ruins of two churches, St. Athanasius and St. Helen, a tower called the Tower There is also a fountain (ruined today), without much water. This location is now called Aga's Orchard. In this original position the Cretan young inhabitants did not stay long, because they did not have enough water and for this reason, then they moved about two kilometers further east and built their houses in the current location of Lachanada. [8] [9]
Second Venetian rule
Main entry: Territory of Methoni
At the time of the Second Venetian occupation, it was referred to as the Lacanades. The settlement is also mentioned in various censuses of the Venetian Providers of the Most Peaceful Republic of Venice, which took place during the thirty years (1683 / 84-1715), during which the Venetians occupied the Peloponnese. The village of Lacanades belonged to the late 17th century, according to the Breve descrittione del Regno di Morea in the province of Methoni (Territorio di Modon), which was one of the four provinces in which its apartment was then divided. Methoni (Fanari province, Arkadia province, Navarino province and Methoni province). [10]
Newer story
Lachanada, like other neighboring villages, was populated in the mid-19th century by families of Cretan refugees who fled the country to avoid the massacres committed by the Turks after the Cretan revolution and the who sought salvation in liberated Greece with the central trunk of the Peloponnese, after the establishment of the modern Greek state, usually resorting to islands or coastal parts of the Peloponnese. It is estimated that about 60,000 Cretans settled in free Greece during this period. [11] [8] [9] There are two versions of the settlement of the Cretans in the area of Lachanada: According to the first version, which seems to be the least likely, they settled on Kapodistrias, around 1831. [7] According to the second version, which is considered the most probable, as it is also based on the local tradition and the memories of the older inhabitants, the Cretans settled in Lachanada during Otto, around 1835. [8] [9] The author Dikaios V. Vagiakakos in his study "Cretan refugees in the Peloponnese during Kapodistrias", claims that the Cretans also settled in Lachanada in 1831, [12] but I.D. Mourellos in his work "History of Crete" does not mention the settlement of Cretans in Lachanada at that time. [8] [9] Dikaios V. Vagiakakos writes about it: “Lachanada. This is where the last Cretan refugees from Agios Vassilios and Amari settled under General Tsouderon and General Deligiannakis. Among them were many women and children, who were regularly transported by Hydra ships. The commander of the Messinian Fortress stated that the acres distributed were 3,500 worth of 28,000 palm trees, and that the number of families settled there, according to the Commission, was 190. " According to researcher G. D. Kouvelas, in his study "Phoenix: History and Life", [8] [9] this view of D. V. Vagiakakos for the settlement of the Cretans around 1831 is not correct, as it is Vagiakakos refers to the "History of Crete" by Mourellos, [11] but Mourellos does not mention there the settlement of Cretans in Lachanada. Vagiakakos also published a document-report, dated September 9, 1831, sent from Nafplio to Kapodistrias. The Committee on the Cretans, [13] [14] but this report does not mention the settlement of Cretan refugees in Lachanada. The Commission reports that 3,500 acres have been allocated for 190 families, but not in Lachanada, but in "Monemvasia and Motokorona" places. It is a fact, however, that the Kapodistrian Government had decided to settle families of Cretans in addition to Koroni in the area of Methoni, but despite the willingness of the residents of Methoni to accept them, it finally seems that these families did not settle in the area of Methoni in 1831. According to a document from the General State Archives, [15] at the end of 1834 or the beginning of 1835, the first of the approximately 150 Cretan families gradually began to settle in Zygia or Zyga, originally named New Crete. (today the Cretans) and the neighboring villages Agatziki (today Finiki), Kryvotsa or Grivitsa (today Evangelismos), Giapakia or Giapapi (today Dendroulia), Lachanades, Kynouria (?) and the islands of Agia Marina and Schiza, which were first subordinated to the old Municipality of New Crete, from 1835 to 1840, when this municipality was abolished, while most of these villages were then subordinated to the old Municipality of Methoni. [8] [9] Papa-Zacharias Robakis, the teacher Psaroudakis or Psaroudis, are said to have played a decisive role in the settlement of the families from Crete. Among the Cretans who stood out were the chiefs Giannis Markakis (he had two sons, Spyros and Nikos), Michael Korakas (he had a daughter), Kon. Mavritsakis or Kalantzis, Dim. Koutrikakis or Koutrikas, P. Stavroulakis et al. [8] [9] The families of Tsoni, Karvela, Psychari, Tomara, etc. are also mentioned by the so-called Anevokatevates, ie the shepherds from Arcadia. The names of the families of the Arcadian inhabitants of that earlier period also gave rise to various current names of sites, such as: Karvela stani, Chountala, Benardi, etc. [8] [9] According to researcher GD Kouvelas: "The Cretans of Lachanada and Finikounda continued, in the first years, to dress, as in Crete. They wore Cretan breeches with the red fez. At festivals and festivals, especially chiefs, they put on their uniforms and weapons. They spoke the Cretan dialect, remnants of which can still be heard today. Some of the Cretans sometimes went to Crete to visit their relatives or for commercial work ", while for the first time, after more than 150 years, 50 Cretans from Lachanada visited Crete in groups in 1988, during a visit organized by the Association. Vrysianon Apokoronou "The Transfiguration
Administrative history
Lachanada [16] was originally annexed in 1835, [17] to the old Municipality of New Crete. [18] Only 5 years later, in 1840, [19] the settlement was detached from the Municipality of Nea Kriti and annexed to the old Municipality of Methoni, [20] where it remained until 1912 when the municipality was abolished. The village is mentioned, in 1853, also as Lachanada in the second volume of "Ellinika" by Iakovos Rizos Ragavis, as a village of the Municipality of Methoni of the Province of Pylia with a population of 176 inhabitants, based on the 1851 census [21] The seat of the Municipality of Methoni at that time, based on the same source, was the town of Methoni. In 1912 [22] Lachanada was annexed to the Community of Lachanada, [23] to which the settlements of Gryzokambos (Grizokambos) and Taverna were also annexed (in 1928 it was renamed Lachanada Beach and in 1930 to Finikounda). The village remained the seat of the Community of Lachanada, from 1912 to 1997, when, as part of the changes that took place in the local government, through the "Kapodistrias" plan, Lachanada came under the abolished Municipality of Methoni, [24] [25] until 2010. Since 2011, after the new changes of the "Kallikratis" plan, Lachanada now belongs to the new Municipality of Pylos - Nestoros. [26] [27] This municipality was established with the Kallikratis Program with the merger of the pre-existing municipalities of Koroni, Methoni, Papaflessa, Pylos, Nestoros and Chiliochoria. Today, Lachanada is a settlement and seat of the Local Community of Lachanada of the Municipality of Pylos-Nestoros, [4] which also includes Asprochorti (a newly established settlement that was recognized in 2011) and Nerantzies (recognized in 2001).
Residents
The settlement, based on the 2011 census, has 138 permanent residents, who are mainly employed in various agricultural tasks.
Population Development of Lachanada Messinia Census Population Development Chart of Population
1844 245 [28]
1851 176 [21]
1879 341 [29]
1889 284 [30]
1896 286 [31]
1907 364 [32]
1920 312 [33]
1928 314 [34]
1940 345 [35]
1951 309 [36]
1961 253 [37]
1971 170 [38]
1981 129 [39]
1991 164 [40]
2001 163 [41]
2011 138 [42]
Note: According to the 1879 census, the settlements of Lachanada and Taverna (now Finikon), which were then recorded together, had a total of 341 inhabitants.
Buildings
In addition to the traditional houses, there is the old Primary School and the church of the village, the Holy Temple of Agios Georgios, which belongs to the Holy Diocese of Messinia. An old olive mill has been operating in the area of the village since 1890, while since 1983 it has been operating near the village and a modern oil mill. [7]
See also
Methoni
Municipality of Pylos - Nestoros
Administrative division of the Regional Unit of Messinia
Administrative division of the prefecture of Messinia
former Municipality of Methoni
References
Lachanada, from the website: buk.gr
Post Office Code of Lachanada, Messinia.
Telephone codes of Greece, Zone 27: Pylos: 27230
Municipal Unit of Methoni Archived 2013-11-30 at Wayback Machine., From the website: www.pylos-nestor.gr of the Municipality of Pylos - Nestoros.
Lachanada, from the website: moriasnow.gr.
"Shepherds of Arcadia in the winters of Messinia", 01/12/2016, Republishing of the article "Vlachs and Arvanites in Moria", from the newspaper "Arkadikos Orizontes", based on the book of Nikos Pasagiotis in Messinia ", published by V. Giannikos - V. Kaldis, Athens 2001, ISBN 960-7296-63-X, ISBN 978-960-7296-63-4, from the website of the local media www.arkadiapress.gr
"Messinia: Olive Culture in the land of Messinia" - "Messinia. The Olive Culture in the Messinian Land", Biotourism Guide - Biotourism Guide, from the website: biopolitics.gr, Biotourism - Olive Culture in the land of Messinia, edition: "Biopolitics International Organization" - "International Biopolitics Organization", Athens 2015, ISBN 978-960-7508-55-3, section: "Lachanada, place of" Cretan origin "", p. 208.
G. D. Kouvelas, "Phoenix: History and Life", Kalamata 1997, pp. 29-40.
The Cretans in Lachanada and Finikounda, from the website: Association of Cretans of the Prefecture of Messinia "O Psiloritis".
Konstantinos Dokos, "BREVE DESCRITTONE DEL REGNO DI MOREA. Narrative historical source or official Venetian document of the Second Venetian occupation in the Peloponnese?", "EOA AND ESPERIA", Vol 1, DOI.1.1: eoaesperia.24 Athens 1993, p. 110 (Secondo Territorio di Modon- Lacanades), p. 125 (Provincia di Messenia).
I.D. Mourellos, "History of Crete", 2nd volume, Heraklion 1932, p. 1228.
Dikaios V. Vagiakakos, "Cretan refugees in the Peloponnese during Kapodistrias", "Mnemosyne" magazine, volume A ', 1967, pp. 41-70.
Government Gazette. State Archives, General Secretariat, lens. 275, of 9 September 1831.
Dikaios V. Vagiakakos, "Cretan refugees in the Peloponnese during Kapodistrias", "Mnemosyne" magazine, volume B, 1968-1969, pp. 157-159.
General State Archives, Othonos Archive - Ministry of Interior, p. 163, reference: Chr. K. Reppas, "The Messinian Revolution of 1834", "Trifylia Hestia" magazine, issue 74, Athens 1987.
Residential Changes> Lachanada (Messinia), from the website: www.eetaa.gr
21-04-1835.
Residential Changes> D. Nea Kritis (Messinia), from the website: www.eetaa.gr
Government Gazette 22A - 18/12/1840.
Settlement Administrative Changes> D. Methoni (Messinia), from the website: www.eetaa.gr
Iakovou R. Ragavi, Ta Ellinika, En Athinais, 1853, volume two, p. 575.
Government Gazette 262A - 31/08/1912.
Administrative Changes of Settlements of K. Lachanada (Messinia), from the website: www.eetaa.gr
Settlement Administrative Changes> D. Methoni (Messinia), from the website: www.eetaa.gr
Government Gazette 244A - 04/12/1997.
Government Gazette 87A - 07/06/2010.
Administrative changes of settlements> D. Pylou-Nestoros (Messinia), from the website: www.eetaa.gr
Stamatakis, I. D., "Geographical Table of Greece, Containing the Names, Distances and Population of the Municipalities, Towns of Cities and Villages. / Dissolved from various official documents of the Northern Government, and published under I. D. Stamataki" . From the Printing House of G. Vlassaridou. In Athens 1846, p. 46.
Ministry of Interior, "Statistics of Greece - Population 1879, from the Printing House of S. K. Vlastou, In Athens 1881. Also:" Statistics of Greece - Population 1879 ", p. 123.
Ministry of Interior, Department of Public Economy and Statistics, "Statistics of Greece - Population - Census of 15-16 April 1889", Part Two - Tables A, from the National Printing Office and Lithography, In Athens 1890, p. 89.
Ministry of Interior, Department of Public Economy and Statistics, "Statistical Results of the Population Census, on October 5-6, 1896", Part Two - Tables - First Population by Prefectures, Province, Municipalities, by the National Printing Office and Lithography, In Athens 1897, p. 105.
Ministry of the Interior, Census Service, Statistical Results of the General Census of the Population, on October 27, 1907 ", Edited by: Georgiou Chomatianou, volume two, from the Printing House of Michael Nikolaidou, In Athens 1909, p. 394.
Ministry of National Economy, Directorate of Statistics, "Population of the Kingdom of Greece, during the Census of 19 December 1920", from the National Printing Office, In Athens 1921. Also: "Population of the Kingdom of Greece, during the Census of 19 December 1920", p. 236.
Ministry of National Economy, General Statistical Service of Greece, "Population of Greece during the Census of 15-16 May 1928". (Actual population ratified by the decree of 23 November 1928), from the National Printing Office, In Athens 1935. Also: "Population of Greece, during the Census of 15-16 May 1928", p. 275.
Ministry of National Economy, General Statistical Service of Greece, "Population of Greece during the census of October 16, 1940". (Real population by prefectures, province, municipalities, community, cities and villages), from the National Printing Office, En Athinais 1950. Also: "Population of Greece, during the Census of October 16, 1940", p. 302.
National Statistical Service of Greece, "Population of Greece during the Census of April 7, 1951". (Actual population by prefectures, province, municipalities, community, cities and villages), from the National Printing Office, In Athens 1955. Also: “Population of Greece, during the Census of April 7, 1951 Archived 2013-05-14 in Wayback Machine. ", p. 148.
National Statistical Service of Greece, "Population of Greece during the Census of March 19, 1961". (Actual population by prefectures, province, municipalities, community and settlements. Ratified by the joint decision of the Ministers of Coordination and Interior No. 46929/6877/1961), from the National Printing Office, in Athens 1962. Also: "Population of Greece , during the Census of 19 March 1961 ", p. 143.
National Statistical Service of Greece, "Population of Greece during the Census of March 14, 1971". (Actual population by prefectures, province, municipalities, community and settlements. Ratified by Joint Decision No. 3893 / Ε637 / 1972 of the Ministers Assistant to the Prime Minister and Interior), Athens 1972. Also: "Population of Greece, during the Census of March 14, 1971 ", p. 139.
National Statistical Service of Greece, "Real Population of Greece during the Census of April 5, 1981". (Ratified by 7908 / Δ'554 / 12-4-1982 joint decision of the Ministers of Coordination and Interior), Athens 1982. Also: "Real Population of Greece during the Census of April 5, 1981", p. 149.
National Statistical Service of Greece, "Real Population of Greece during the Census of March 17, 1991". (It was ratified by 24197 / C '3812 / 24-11-1993 joint decision of the Ministers of National Economy and Interior), Athens 1994. Also: "Real Population of Greece during the Census of 17 March 1991", p. 182.
National Statistical Service of Greece, "Real Population of Greece. Census 2001". (Ratified by 6821 / Γ5-908 / 4-6-2002 joint decision of the Ministers of Economy and Finance and Interior, Public Administration and Decentralization), Athens 2003. Also: "Real Population of Greece. Census 2001", p. 184.
"Census of Population - Housing 2011. Permanent Population", Hellenic Statistical Authority (ELSTAT).
Sources
The inventories of the Provocateurs of the Most Peaceful Republic of Venice, Corner (1689), Grimani (1700) Angelo Emo (perhaps 1708), the undated census of Querini-Stampalia (perhaps 1711), are four of the various Venetian manuscripts. , which were attempted during the period of thirty years (1683 / 84-1715), during which the Venetians occupied the Peloponnese. To date, only the Grimani census has been published in full, by the historical and esteemed director of research of the National Research Foundation (EIE) Vassilis Panagiotopoulos, in his work "Population and settlements of the Peloponnese. 13th - 18th century", (1985).
Vassilis Panagiotopoulos, "Population and settlements of the Peloponnese. 13th - 18th century", Series: Studies of Modern Greek History, translation: Christina Agriantoni, edited by: Angeliki Kokkou, published by: Emporiki Bank of Greece - Historical Archive: 1987, Athens 2, 1985.
Konstantinos Dokos, "BREVE DESCRITTONE DEL REGNO DI MOREA. Narrative historical source or official Venetian document of the Second Venetian occupation in the Peloponnese?", "EOA AND ESPERIA", Vol 1, DOI.1.1: eoaesperia.24 Athens 1993.
Spyridon Lambros, "Census of the Prefecture of Methoni during the Venetians", Bulletin of the Historical and Ethnological Society of Greece, volume 2, From the Printing House of the Perri Brothers, In Athens 1883, pp. 686-710. From the Digital Library of the University of Ioannina.
External links
Municipality of Pylos - Nestoros, from the website: www.pylos-nestor.gr of the Municipality of Pylos - Nestoros.
The Cretans in Lachanada and Finikounda, from the website: Association of Cretans of the Prefecture of Messinia "O Psiloritis".
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