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Ricarda Huch
Description
Stamp description / Briefmarkenbeschreibung
Deutsch: Serie Bedeutende deutsche Frauen (II), Ricarda Huch (1864-1947)
English: stamp series great german women (II), Ricarda Huch (1864-1947)
Ausgabepreis: 40 Pfennig
First Day of Issue / Erstausgabetag: 15. Januar 1975
Michel-Katalog-Nr: 827
Ricarda Huch Octavia (born July 18, 1864 in Brunswick, † November 17, 1947 in Schönberg in Taunus, now part of Kronberg; pseudonym Richard Hugo) was a German novelist, poet, philosopher and historian.
Life
Ricarda Huch, Etching by Johann Lindner, from a photograph of Elvira Studio, 1901
Origin, study, library work
Ricarda Huch was born into a merchant family in her generation brought forth several part extremely productive writer - her brother and her cousins, Rudolf Friedrich and Felix were well-known writers - and grew up in Brunswick. As the woman studying in Germany was not possible in Switzerland, she studied history and philosophy and a doctorate in 1892 at the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zurich with a historical work on "The neutrality of the Confederation during the Spanish War of Succession." Since her student days she was with the veterinarian Marianne Plehn friends who would later become the first German professor in Bavaria. In the Zurich Pension Walder in Hottingen [1] Huch learned her lifelong friend, the chemistry student Marienbaum know, who was born in Danzig, 1874 († 1964) and its 1950 a biographical memorial set: Luminous track.
During her studies at the University of Zurich Ricarda Huch has worked since 1889 as an unpaid assistant in the Public Library in Zurich. Their work concentrated on the first formal collection of brochures from about 6000 to the extent of the revolution time of collection Usteri. Two years later, was created especially for the young student a secretarial position, which she at first November 1891 took. The task area consisted primarily of correspondence and processing of pamphlets. From the private letters Ricarda Huch shows that the library everyday they often boring and dull, is felt even in calls as. On the other hand, they seemed to be in the habit of the library clerk to please again.
During their term of service, which lasted until 1894, appeared in Berlin Ricarda Huch Evoè first play! That found in the press favorable reception, although the encyclopedic, erudite style was criticized. Parallel to the library activity Huch began to teach at the school for girls, an activity which should push the work in the library ever more marginalized, until the autumn of 1894 Richarda Huch filed the application for discharge. After her resignation from the Public Library appeared in the year 1895, the Journal wrote of their New Year on the news collected by the Zurich Chorherrn Johann Jakob Wick. Inspired by Wicks description of an exorcism, Yikes out in the Sunday newspaper published by the Government constitutes a novella titled devilry. Posthumous Papers of the scribe Potzmanterle.
Trieste, Munich, Berlin
Ricarda Huch, photo, circa 1914
Yikes worked as a librarian and - of this little work met - as a teacher in Zurich and Bremen. From 1897 she lived in Vienna, where she married in 1898 the dentist Ermanno Ceconi. She followed him to his home town of Trieste 1898-1900, which was then part of Austria. During this time she worked as the first history of Italian unification "Risorgimento", led by Giuseppe Garibaldi. Because they had acquired in this research service to Italy, it was estimated by the Italian fascists, why she was not persecuted in Nazi Germany (see below).
Long as she lived - intermittently - in Munich (1912-1916, 1918-1927), which has created many important books, including her biography of Michael Bakunin and the Anarchy (1923). Here they came into contact with the women's movement, with its Vordenkerinnen Ika Freudenberg and Gertrud Bäumer she corresponded. Katia Mann describes in her memoirs that her children were with Ermanno Ceconi in dental treatment. [2] In the years 1927 to 1932, she and her daughter spent the Marietta in Berlin, she received the news of the death Ceconis. Here was a work of the German revolution of 1848-49 Old and New Gods (1930).
During the period of National Socialism [Edit]
After the "seizure" of the National Socialists refused Ricarda Huch a request made by the members of the Prussian Academy of Arts declaration of loyalty to the new regime on the grounds that they "... several of the now acts performed by the new government vehemently disapproved". [3 ] In protest against the exclusion of Alfred Doblin from the regimented academy under its president, Max von Schillings, they still came out in the spring of 1933 as the first member. This fact was not published in the Third Reich.
The behavior of the new rulers against her remained contradictory. Although Huch got on her 80th Personal birthday congratulatory telegrams from Goebbels and Hitler, but in the press was not allowed to mention her birthday. They knew that they Nazism hostile to, but would not proceed because of their Italian connections and because of the feared negative propaganda effect against them.
The first volume, published their 1934 German history, which saw the regime as an implicit criticism was panned by the official literary criticism. Only Schneider her work praised in a book review [4] and underlined its basic assertion even with an even religious philosophy in the same issue appearing treatise [5] was to understand hardly anything other than open criticism of the fact that National Socialism, the German people in a fatal had glorified as God's chosen people. The second volume was published in 1937 only with great difficulty, the third and last, in 1941, completed in no more band ever. It was not published until 1949, two years after the death of Ricarda Huch, in Zurich.
Former home of Ricarda Huch in the Ricarda-Huch-way in Jena
The period from 1935 to 1947, where she lived with her daughter and her husband Franz Bohm in Jena, can be up to the end of the war described as inner emigration. This was characterized by numerous contacts with Yikes, enemies of the Nazi regime. Because in the era of National Socialism had little houses in which an honest word could be spoken, developed Ricarda Huch's apartment at the former Upper Philosophers (now Ricarda-Huch-way) to a Gesprächsort, where in addition to artists and scientists, people wrong, who themselves or whose relatives later in the failed assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler on 20 July 1944 were involved. My son had only thanks to a Namensverwechselung that he is not in the course of the persecutions after 20 July was arrested. Huch and he had with a private invitation in May 1937 criticized the policies of the Nazis, after which both were denounced by the high school teacher Richard Kolb [6] and Boehm was subsequently removed from the teaching position at the University of Jena. Yikes, and thus were Boehm, however, under the patronage of the Nazi Reich Minister of Justice Franz Gurtner. [7] In 1944 received the Wilhelm Raabe Huch Prize.
Last years
Women and men to put a monument of resistance, the now gray-haired poet was a task which they had planned for the period after the "Third Reich". Noted this project, the CVs of the Resistance fighters succeeded in biographies, not completely. After all, she managed the Munich White Rose and Sophie Scholl memorize for posterity. The work was continued after her death of the author Günther Weisenborn, but Huch's original intention was completely wrong. Only in 1997 the original papers were published in the Leipzig University Press: to gather in a memorial book.
In the immediate postwar period, the attempted communist and Russian authorities about Ricarda Huch to win for themselves: the Jena drew from Friedrich-Schiller-University Huch 1946 with the honorary doctorate. On the first German Writers' Congress in Berlin after the war, she could hold a much-publicized speech. She was also a member and elder member of the Consultative Assembly of Thuringia state [8] [9], the first pre-Parliament appointed the reconstructed state of Thuringia. Nevertheless, they fled from the newly burgeoning totalitarianism on German soil to Frankfurt, following revelations of her son, Franz Böhm, Hesse Minister of Education. The long trip in an unheated train across the border had their health sector has grown but no longer. In the guest house of the city of Frankfurt in Schoenberg died on the morning of the 17th November 1947. In the main cemetery in Frankfurt found an honored grave (grave situation: Won II, 204) [10].
Ricarda Huch was married twice, first with the Italian dentist Ermanno Ceconi, shortly thereafter, and unhappy with their young swarm in-law Richard Huch.
Literary creation
Ricarda Huch's literary work is extensive and of thematic and stylistic breadth. So they began with poems, novels and then wrote, however, increasingly especially historical works, which are located between history and literature.
Ricarda Huch dedicated himself since the 1910s, the Italian, German and Russian history. Her historical novels are mostly psychological-biographical. Among other things, she wrote biographies of Mikhail Bakunin and Federico Confalonieri. German history was their monumental covers 1934-1947, and both the medieval and early modern times.
Afterlife
Grave stone Ricarda Huch in Frankfurt am Main
With the historical prose (historical novels, history books), they strongly influenced Golo Mann, the story to continue on their German, German history of the 19th and 20 Century could follow.
Shortly after her death were known mostly girls high schools Ricarda-Huch-Schule, such as in-Gliesmarode Brunswick, Hanover-List, Kiel, Krefeld, Hagen, Gelsenkirchen and casting, as well as schools in Dreieich. In Dortmund, there is a Ricarda-Huch-secondary school, also in Munich. The Zwickau Ricarda-Huch-school child care will be renamed in August 2011 because of a move into school Moselle. Baiersdorf, Bochum, Bremen-Findorff, Brühl, Chemnitz, Dresden, Düren, Dusseldorf, Frankfurt, Freiburg, Hamburg, Cologne-Stammheim, Mainz, Lörrach, Lunen, Munich, Oldenburg, Moers, Neuss, Nuremberg Long-water, Potsdam, Reutlingen, Schneverdingen, Schwabach Wolkersdorf, Schwerin, Stuhr (Brinkum), Verden, Wilhelmshaven and Zwickau streets were named after her. In Balingen, Ratzeburg, and Vienna, there is a Ricarda-Huch-way, both in Jena, one Ricarda-Huch-way and a Ricarda-Huch-house.
As a reminder, Darmstadt gives every three years Ricarda-Huch Prize.
Awards and honors [Edit]
Ricarda Huch on a U.S. commemorative stamp of 1975
1924 Honorary Senator of the University of Munich
1924 Thomas Mann called it the occasion of her 60th Birthday, "the first woman in Germany ... probably the first in Europe today ... "
1931 Goethe Prize of Frankfurt
1944 Wilhelm Raabe Prize
1946 honorary doctorate from the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena
Works
The Federal Oath. Comedy with use of the historical events in the Swiss Confederation of 1798. Zurich 1890 [11]
Poems. Dresden 1891
The Huguenot. Historical novel. In: Schweizerische Rundschau 1892; Berne in 1932 as a book
Evoe. Dramatic play. Berlin 1892
The neutrality of the Confederation of the places especially Zurich and Bern during the Spanish War of Succession. Thesis Zurich 1892
Memoirs of Ludolf Ursleu the Younger. Novel. Berlin 1893
Poems. Leipzig 1894
The game of the four saints Zurich. Listed for the inauguration of the new Concert Hall in Zurich on 22 October 1895. Zurich in 1895 as manuscript printed
The Wick'sche collection of pamphlets and newspaper reports from the 16th Century in the city library of Zurich. New Year sheet, ed. vd Stadt Zurich library in the year 1895
The moon dance suppression of Raffi. Novella. Leipzig, 1896
Devilry, fabrications. Novellas. Leipzig, 1897
Haduvig in the cloister. Novella. Leipzig, 1897
First edition 1899
Fra Celeste and other stories. (The poor Henry; end of the world; The Maiwiese). Leipzig 1899
Heyday of Romanticism. Leipzig 1899
Propagation and decay of Romanticism. Leipzig 1902
Sleeping Beauty. A fairy tale. Leipzig 1902 (sealed as a festival in 1892 in Zurich)
From the triumph street. Live sketches. Leipzig 1902
Vita Breve somnium. Novel 2 vols Leipzig 1903 (5th ed titles from Leipzig 1913: Michael Unger)
From the kings and crown. Novel. Stuttgart 1904
Gottfried Keller. Berlin 1904
Soap bubbles. Three humorous tales. (CV of holy bliss soon Pück; Bimbos From soul walks; The Jewish grave), Stuttgart, 1905
The stories of Garibaldi. (Vol. 1: The Defence of Rome, Volume 2: The Battle for Rome). Stuttgart and Leipzig 1906-1907
New poems. Leipzig, 1908
The Risorgimento. Leipzig, 1908
The life of Count Federigo Confalonieri. Leipzig, 1910
The Cock of Quakenbrück and other novels. (The singer, The New Saints), Berlin 1910
The singer returned to: dt The amendment to the present. Ed Hanns Martin Elster, DBG Berlin, undated (1925), pp. 5-36
The last summer. A story in letters. Stuttgart 1910
The Great War in Germany, a historical novel. Vol 1-3. Leipzig, 1912-1914 (new ed as:. The Thirty Years' War, Leipzig, 1942).
Nature and Spirit as the roots of life and art. Munich 1914 (new ed as:... From the nature of human nature and spirit, Prien, 1922)
Wallenstein. A character study. Leipzig, 1915
Luther's faith. Letters to a friend. Leipzig 1916 [12]
The case Deruga. Novel, Berlin 1917
Jeremias Gotthelf's worldview. Lecture. Bern 1917
The meaning of Scripture. Leipzig 1919
Old and new poems. Leipzig, 1920
Depersonalization. Leipzig 1921
Michael Bakunin and anarchy. Leipzig 1923
Stone. Vienna and Leipzig 1925
Count Mark and Princess of Nassau-Usingen. A tragic biography. Leipzig 1925
The recurring Christ. A grotesque tale. Leipzig, 1926
In the old kingdom. Live images of German cities. (3 volumes: The North / The center of the Empire / The South) 1927
New cityscapes. (In the ancient kingdom Vol. 2) Leipzig, 1929
Collected Poems. 1929
Live images of Mecklenburg towns. 1930/1931
Old and new gods (1848). The revolution of the 19th Century in Germany. Berlin and Zurich, 1930 (later than:. 1848 The Revolution of the 19th century in Germany in 1948.)
German history. 1934-49
Roman Empire of German Nation. Bd first Berlin, 1934
The age of schism. Vol 2 Zurich 1937
Fall of the Roman Empire of German Nation. Bd third Zurich 1949
Spring in Switzerland. Autobiographical representation. Zurich 1938
White Nights. Novella. Zurich 1943
Autumn fire. Poems. Leipzig 1944
My diary Weimar 1946
Basic phenomena Zurich 1946
The grandfather wrong. Narrative. Wiesbaden 1947
The silent rebellion. (On the German resistance movement) unfinished. Edit and edited by G. Weisenborn. 1953 (see the original text)
Films
1938: The case ruga - Director: Fritz Peter Buch
1954: The last summer - Director: Harald Braun
1958: ... and nothing but the truth - based on the novella "The Case of ruga", directed by Franz Peter Wirth
1990: The Guardian Angel / Guardian Angel - based on the novel "The Last Summer", directed by Suzanne Osten
References
Marienbaum: Luminous track. Tübingen 1950th
Helene Baumgarten: Ricarda Huch. Of her life and work. Second Ed Cologne e.g.: Böhlau. 1968th
Marianne Beese: struggle between old and new world. Poets of the era (Friedrich Hölderlin - Novalis - Heinrich Heine - Friedrich Hebbel - Ricarda Huch). Second Ed Rostock: New Hochsch.-Schr-Verl. 2,001th ISBN 3-935319-80-0
Jutta Bendt: Ricarda Huch. 1864 to 1947. An exhibition of the German Literature Archive in the National Schiller Museum in Marbach am Neckar. 7th May - 31 October 1994 National Schiller Museum in Marbach. Marbach am Neckar: Dt. Schillerges. 1994th (= Marbacher catalogs; 47) ISBN 3-929146-13-4
Jean-Pierre Bodmer: Ricarda Huch and the City Library of Zurich - a symbiotic history. In: Zurich Paperback N.F. 125 (2005), S.363-423.
Barbara Bronnen: birds with clipped wings, 'the last years of Ricarda Huch 1933-1947. Zurich: Ark. 2007 ISBN 978-3-7160-2373-0
FD: Ricarda Huch. On her fiftieth birthday (July 18, 1914). In: Westermann's Monatshefte band 116.1914, page 936-937.
Anne Gabrisch: Into the abyss I throw my soul. The love story of Ricarda Huch and Richard. Zurich: Nagel and Kimche. 2000th ISBN 3-312-00264-8
Rüdiger Frommholz: Whoa, Ricarda Huch, born (pseudonym Richard Hugo). In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 9, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1972, pp. 705-709.
Gunther H. Hertling: conversion of the values in the poetic work of Ricarda Huch. Bonn: Bouvier. 1966th (= (Treatises on art, music, literature and science; 40))
Hans Henning Kappel: Epic Design by Ricarda Huch. Formal studies on two novels content. "From the kings and the Crown," "The Great War in Germany". Frankfurt am Main: Lang. 1976th (= European University Studies, 194)
Seong-Eun Kim: The principle of justice. "Historical sense" and "creative power" in Ricarda Huch's works after 1914. Aachen: Shaker 2,001th ISBN 3-8265-9144-5
Karl Heinz Koehler: Poetic language and language awareness in 1900. Studies on the early work of Hermann Hesse, Paul Ernst and Ricarda Huch. Stuttgart: Heinz. 1977th (= Germanic Stuttgart to work; 36)
Cordula Koepcke: Ricarda Huch, her life and her work. Insel Verlag, Frankfurt am Main 1996th ISBN 3-458-16774-9
Vivian Liska: The Modern - a woman. Using the example of novels Ricarda Huch and Annette Kolb. Francke, Tübingen e.g. 2000th ISBN 3-7720-2751-2
Michael Meyer: Will negation and affirmation of life. On the importance of Schopenhauer and Nietzsche in the work of Ricarda Huch. Frankfurt am Main, inter alia: Long. 1998th (= Hamburger contributions to Germanic, 25) ISBN 3-631-33302-1
Michael Meyer: Ricarda Huch bibliography. Vienna: Edition Praesens. 2005th (= Seal Field Library, 4) ISBN 3-7069-0257-5
Hans-Peter Werner, Silke Koestler: Ricarda Huch (1864-1947). Anniversary band for her 50th Death on the occasion of the International Research Symposium Ricarda-Huch, 15-17. November 1997 in Brunswick. Brunswick: pp-Verl. 1997th ISBN 3-88712-050-7
Stefanie square: As far as the world goes. Ricarda Huch. Story of a life. Harmondsworth: Routledge. 1990th ISBN 3-498-07059-2
Web Links
Wikiquote: Ricarda Huch - Quotes
Literature by and about Ricarda Huch in the catalog of the German National Library
Works by Ricarda Huch as online texts. In: Project Gutenberg.
Ricarda Huch. In: Biographic-Bibliographic Church Encyclopedia (BBKL).
CV in tabular form by Ricarda Huch in LeMO (DHM and HdG)
Tabulated Biographical Huch with many pictures
Short Biography Huch
Notes and references
↑ Matrikeledition the University of Zurich
↑ Katia Mann: My unwritten memoirs. Frankfurt am Main, 2002, p. 55
↑ Ricarda Huch - Fighting for freedom of expression in times of darkness, br-online
↑ See the article in German history books: A new plant Ricarda Huch in the February 1935 issue of the monthly White Sheets
↑ See the article The experience of God's people in the February 1935 issue of the monthly White Sheets
↑ Kolb's letter reprinted in Joachim Hendel etc. (Ed.): Ways of Science in National Socialism. Documents to the University of Jena, 1933 - 1945, Stuttgart: Steiner 2007, ISBN 978-3-515-09006-3, pp. 181-183
↑ Alexander Hollerbach, sidelights on the life and work of Franz Böhm (1895 - 1977) [1]
↑ Thuringian personalities
↑ personalities of the city of Jena from 1850 to 1950
↑ Guide to the graves of famous people on Frankfurt's cemeteries. Frankfurt am Main 1985, p. 45
↑ sources of the works: M. Baum, Vibrant track - the life of Ricarda Huch. 4th Ed in 1964; research from 2007 BC Zemmrich
↑ back to Marlis Gerhardt eds: essays from famous women. By Else Lasker-Schüler to Christa Wolf. Island, Frankfurt, 1987, re-1997th ISBN 3458336419 With short biographies
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