The absinthe. Edgar Degas
1876, oil on canvas, 92 × 68 cm
Paris, Musée d'Orsay
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Der Absinth. Edgar Degas
1876, Öl auf Leinwand, 92 × 68 cm
Paris, Musée d'Orsay
Stil: Impressionismus
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, 埃德加·伊莱尔·日耳曼·德加
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L'Absinthe (English: The Absinthe Drinker or Glass of Absinthe) is a painting by Edgar Degas. Some original title translations are A sketch of a French Café, then Figures at Café, the title was finally changed in 1893 to L'Absinthe (the name the piece is known by today). It is now in the permanent collection of the Musée d'Orsay in Paris.
Description
Painted in 1875-1876, the picture depicts two figures, a woman and man, who sit at the center and right of this painting, respectively. The man, wearing a hat, looks to the right, off the canvas, while the woman, dressed formally and also wearing a hat, stares vacantly downward. A glass filled with the eponymous greenish liquid sits before her. The painting is a representation of the increasing social isolation in Paris during its stage of rapid growth. The woman in the painting is Ellen Andrée, actress, and the man is Marcellin Desboutin, a painter, printmaker and bohemian. The café where they are taking their refreshment is the Café de la Nouvelle-Athènes in Paris.
Reception
In its first showing in 1876, the picture was panned by critics, who called it ugly and disgusting. It was put into storage until an 1892 exhibit where it was booed off the easel. It was shown again in England in 1893 (this time entitled L'Absinthe), where it sparked controversy. The persons represented in the painting were considered by English critics to be shockingly degraded and uncouth. Many regarded the painting as a blow to morality; this was the general view of such Victorians as Sir William Blake Richmond and Walter Crane when shown this painting in London. The reaction is an instance of the deep suspicion with which Victorian England had regarded art in France since the early days of the Barbizon School and the need to find a morally uplifting lesson in works of art that was typical of the age. Many English critics viewed it as a warning lesson against absinthe and the French in general. George Moore described the woman in the painting: "What a whore!" He added, "the tale is not a pleasant one, but it is a lesson". However, in Modern Painting he regretted assigning a moral lesson to the painting, claiming that "the picture is merely a work of art, and has nothing to do with drink or sociology."[1]
See also
Cultural references to absinthe
Automat (painting), similar subject
The Plum, similar subject
References
Barnaby Conrad III; (1988). Absinthe: History in a Bottle. Chronicle books. ISBN 0-8118-1650-8. 43–50
Phil Baker; (2001). The Book of Absinthe: A Cultural History. Grove Press books. ISBN 0-8021-3993-0. 121–24
George Moore, Modern Painting (London: Walter Scott Publishing, 1898), p. 269.
External links
Green Fairy: The symbol of liberté — Examines L'Absinthe as a fitting example of the "nervous fear that the decadent ways of the Continent might reach the shores of the British Isles".
Musée d'Orsay discussion of the painting
Degas: The Artist's Mind, exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art fully available online as PDF, which contains material on L'Absinthe (see index)
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