The cripple. Pieter Bruegel the Elder
1568, oil on wood, 18 × 21 cm
Paris, Musée du Louvre
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Die Krüppel. Pieter Bruegel d. Ä.
1568, Öl auf Holz, 18 × 21 cm
Paris, Musée du Louvre
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. Πήτερ Μπρίγκελ ο πρεσβύτερος
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The Beggars (also The Cripples) is an oil-on-panel by Flemish renaissance artist Pieter Bruegel the Elder, painted in 1568. It is currently held and exhibited at the Louvre in Paris.
History
This work is the only painting by Bruegel in the Louvre, received as a gift in 1892.
Attempts have been made to interpret the picture of six cripples and a beggar-woman as an allusion to a historical event: the badger's tails, or foxes' tails, on their clothes might refer to the Gueux, a rebel party formed against the government of Philip II of Spain and Granvelle; but these also occur in Bruegel's The Fight Between Carnival and Lent in Vienna, dated 1559. Still, the beggars are not quite ordinary beggars, as they wear carnival headgear representing various classes of society: a cardboard crown (the king), a paper shako (the soldier), a beret (the bourgeois), a cap (the peasant), and a mitre (the bishop). The work clearly has some satirical meaning, which has so far eluded interpretation. Perhaps physical imperfections are meant to symbolise moral decrepitude, which can affect all men irrespective of class.[1]
On the back of the painting are two inscriptions which seem to date from the 16th century. One is in Flemish, and in a very fragmentary state;[2] the other is in Latin and records the admiration some humanist felt for Bruegel, whose art surpasses Nature itself.[3]
The painting dates from the end of Bruegel's career, when he showed a keener interest in the natural world. Tiny though it is, the landscape seen through the opening is bathed in a delicate light which simmers like dew on the foliage.
References
V. Barker, Pieter Bruegel the elder: A study of his paintings, Arts Publishing Corp. (1926); see also W. S. Gibson, Bruegel, Thames & Hudson Ltd (1977).
Reconstructed by the Louvre as "Cripples, take heart, and may your affairs prosper.", cf. Louvre webpage
R. H. Marijnissen, Bruegel, tout l'oeuvre peint et dessiné, Éditions Albin Michel (1988), pp. 354-358 (French)
External links
The Beggars at the Louvre
Bosch Bruegel Society
99 works by Pieter Bruegel the Elder
Complete list of paintings which includes all of the 100 proverbs from the painting, with explanation (in French).
Creativity Brueghel laid the foundation of the Netherlands School
"Bruegel". Encyclopedia Americana. 1920.
Pieter Bruegel the Elder: Drawings and Prints, a full text exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which includes material on The Beggars (see Crippled Beggars)
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