Joan Ramón García Castejón, Elche, (December 17, 1945), known as Joan Castejón (Valencian pronunciation: [ioan castejon]) is a Spanish draftsman, painter and sculptor, considered one of the leading representatives of social realism in the Spanish postwar plastic renewal. Member of the Grup d'Elx.[1]
His work has been exhibited in some of the most important museums in Spain, among others, the Institut Valencià d'Art Modern (IVAM), the Museum of the University of Alicante,[2] Guerricabeitia Martinez Collection at the University of Valencia,[3] Miguel Hernández University of Elche,[4] the Bancaja Foundation Center,[5] Centre of the Carmen Valencia,[6] and the Museum of Contemporary Art of Elche.[7]
Biography
Early life
At sixteen he moved to Valencia, where he received training in the fine arts at the Academy of San Carlos. His first solo exhibition is held in the Valencian art gallery Mateu in 1966. This first moment of his career (1964-1967) can be described as neofigurative. The human figure (sometimes grouped) appears in the middle of undefined spaces. Works from this stage, including anthropomorphic themed drawings, announce the peculiar features that characterize his later works: a tense correctness of line develops vigorous anathomic effects.[8]
Court-martial
That momentum of his career was cut short, however, by the traumatic participation in the demonstrations of May 1967 in Valencia against Francoist regimen. After standing up for a friend who was being brutally beat, a plainclothes agent arrested Castejón. He received several beatings that night and short after that he was sentenced by the Francoist court-martial to six years in prison.[9]
Political imprisonment
Until mid 1969 remains in prisons of Valencia and Teruel. That year became part of the Grup d'Elx in its second stage, participating in their exhibitions until 1971. On these facts, re-enters the prison in the Canary Islands during seven months of 1971. But do not leave the creative work to the extent that can be estimated at around two thousand drawings with wax or pencil made at this time, and define another specific stage of production inevitably influenced by these circumstances, singled out by the tragic testimony of human destiny.[10]
Dénia
Castejón marries Paca Galván and in 1973 returned to Valencia where he briefly rejoins the local art scene, but a year later he settled permanently in Dénia. Takes up painting, opting for a more explicit and shocking expressionism during this decade of the seventies. Later in the 80s explores a brighter abstraction inspired by the landscape, while an increasingly theatrical virtuoso drawing dominates the 90s. Human being has become the central poetics reference of his work. But this is a mankind always addressed as tragic matter, as a heroic thing that has been beaten, subjected after a struggle with destiny and with an adverse world.
In 1999 he was appointed Adopted Son of Dénia, the city where he lives since 1974.[11]
Works
If there is one aspect that stands out in the work of Joan Castejón is his exceptional drawing skills, a palpable mastery also in his painting and leading to write to José Manuel Caballero Bonald "the artist draws a classic and meditate as a prophet".[12] The author and official historian of Alicante Enrique Cerdan Tato wrote in El Pais on the work of Castejón: " ... he wanted to express the universe of man revealed by violence in the viscera, under the label of any street and an Omega: the history was on time, and the helpless crowd was resolved in a powerful blast of fragments, lines, volumes, bestiaries and masks".[10]
On leaving prison he painted a series of one hundred works inspired by the work of Gabriel García Márquez One Hundred Years of Solitude, which exposes in Valencia and Barcelona. Mario Vargas Llosa wrote on this occasion about Castejón's art: "So one of the most interesting aspects of this collection of pictures of Castejón is showing that even today the art of painting can, without giving anything for their own purposes or abandon modernity, have the literature as a starting point. Like a woman, a dream, or a crime, a novel can be for an artist a creative ferment... " [13]
Artur Balder writes, in relation to the work of Castejón, that "an indispensable condition of the Gesamtkunstwerk, with a base of either visual, literary, or musical representation, is its timeless condition, its ability to withstand the test of time itself by rising instead of sinking into the spasm of momentary fashion, and perish with it a few years, and only to be seen in that context, as in a narrow place of history. However, Castejón, next to the absolute hero in its representation of humanism, can be attributed, as an artist, as Juan Gil-Albert described, "in whose light the depths of so looming giant men, that I was forced to retain breath and meditate." [14]
Martí Dominguez published in the pages of El País around drawing skills in the art of Castejón: "Any exaggeration is objectionable, and to say that Joan Castejón is possibly the best Spanish artist who by now dominates human anatomy may seem a excess, but it is not." [15]
According to the art critic Román de la Calle, "his existential drama reflects a strong moral commitment that transcends any cynical or political pamphlet temptation. Castejón evokes a reality with surreal symbolic ingredients and allegorical translations from his personal experience. Virtuosity in the expressionist treatment of the human body is patent."
His exhibition "Per Paca" crossed the province of Alicante between 2009 and 2010 as a tribute to his wife. According to the newspaper La Verdad is "a retrospective of historical memories of the couple. This is an abstract exhibition with over 50 works, scenes of pain and surprise with a retrospective review that allows access to various historical moments." [16][17]
List of selected works
Maternidad gris (1969)
The’y were more than three thousand (1973)
Characters reduced by their own deeds (1974)
La digestió (1978)
Mutant d'águila irreal (1980)
The day (1984)
A Salvador Espriu (1989)
Paisatge daurat 1993 (1993)
El Salt (2002)
Cavall nocturn (2004)
The War (2009)
Museology
The largest public collection of works by Castejón is gathered at the Museum of Contemporary Art in his hometown Elche. The largest private collection was the collection Lecasse Foundation in Alcoy, containing about two hundred works acquired by businessman Lionel Grau Mullor during the eighties and nineties. Currently this collection was divided among his heirs. The collection of drawings dedicated to Don Quixote belong to the IVAM. Another good part of Parts is in the collection of Foundation Bancaja, Valencia.
List of awards
Total Art Work Award, given by the Wagner Society of Alicante, 2014[18][19]
Premio Ocell, by the Mancomunitat de la Marina Alta. 2005.
Honour member of the Institut d'Estudis Comarcals del Baix Vinalopó. 2001.
Honour member of the Institut d'Estudis Comarcals de la Marina Alta. 1999.
Adoptive Son of the city of Dénia. Ajuntament de Dénia. 1999.
Premi la Tardor, by the Universitat Politècnica de València. 1994.
Homage to Joan Castejón. Key of the City of Mont De Marsan. France. 1993.
See also
Social realism
Grup d'Elx
References
Cerdán, David (26 December 2002). "El Grup d'Elx regresa tras 27 años". El País. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
"Diversidad Contemporánea. Colección del MUA.". MUA.UA.es. 31 November 2006. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
"Exposició "El cos maltractat". Patronat Martínez Guerricabeitia de la Universitat Politécnica de València.". Universidad de Valencia, Patronanto Martínez-Guerricabeitia. 30 March 2004. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
""Cercant la Llum", Universitat Miguel Hernández.". Universidad Miguel Hernández. 30 October 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
"Bancaixa expone la pasión de Castejón por el dibujo.". El País. 25 May 1999. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
"Lo bello y lo siniestro se funden en una exposición en El Carmen.". El País. 14 May 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
"El Grup d'Elx y la fundació del MACE.". Ajuntamiento de Elche. 14 May 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
A. Máñez, Julio (30 May 1999). "Así era entonces.". El País. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
CCOO (30 May 2009). "Tres generaciones de antifranquistas." (PDF). Ministerio de la Presidencia, Spain. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
Cerdán Tato, Enrique (30 May 1999). "Condenado a tres años de dibujos forzados.". El País. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
"Biografía de Joan Castejón". El País. 30 May 2013. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
Caballero Bonald, José Manuel (October 1992). "Del Catálogo Castejón-Macondo.". Fundación Lecasse, Alcoy. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
Vargas Llosa, Mario (October 1973). "Del Catálogo Castejón-Macondo.". Galeria Mateu. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
Balder, Artur (October 2013). "Joan Castejón, el pintor presocrático." (PDF). Ajuntamiento de La Nucía. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
Domínguez, Martí (27 January 2012). "En la falda del Montgó". El País. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
Castejón, Joan. "Per a Paca". Ayuntamiento de Elche. ISBN 84-339-6754-1.
Redacción, Elche (31 July 2009). "Joan Castejón presenta 'Per a Paca' una muestra retrospectiva de recuerdos históricos". La Verdad. Retrieved 2014-01-26.
Moltó Segui, Ezequiel (May 23, 2014). "La Asociación Wagneriana premia el "arte total" de Joan Castejón.". El País. Retrieved 2014-05-23.
Campos, Alfredo (May 24, 2014). "Joan Castejón y la Asociación Villa Atia, galardonados con los Premios de la Asociación Wagneriana.". Revista de Estudios Alicantinos, REA, Edición Online. Retrieved 2014-05-23.
Bibliography
DE LA CALLE, Román. Castejón: La realidad de lo imaginario, València: CIMAL, 1981–82, p. 16
SEBASTIÁ, Jordi. La meua vocació de pintar es absoluta, entrevista an El Temps 899, 4-10 Septembre, 2001, pp. 35–37.
External links
Other links
Official website of Joan Castejón
Official website of the Cityhall of Elche, hometown of the artist, that explains the importance of Castejón and the Grup d'Elx artistic activity.
Reports
El País: "El Grup d'Elx regresa tras 27 años"
El País: "Condenado a tres años de dibujos forzados"
Interviews
Mar Menéndez interviews Joan Castejón for the IVAM
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