Gottardo Fidele Piazzoni (1872–1945) was a Swiss-born American landscape painter, muralist and sculptor of Italian heritage, a key member of the school of Northern California artists in the early 1900s.
Born in Intragna, Switzerland, Piazzoni moved at the age of 15 to his father's dairy farm in the Carmel Valley.[1] After training with Arthur Frank Mathews at the Mark Hopkins Institute of Art (now the San Francisco Art Institute),[2] Piazzonia trained for three years in Paris at the Académie Julian and under Jean-Léon Gérôme.[3] He then returned to California to begin his career and set up his own teaching studio.
Specializing in landscapes in a muted palette, most scholars count Piazzoni among the Tonalists.[4] He sought out the lighting effects of certain times of day, taking a "special interest in full moonrises, the viewing of which became a family ritual. Venturing up a hill, the family would cheer the appearance of the moon. Piazzoni knew the exact time for each moonrise and kept precise records." [5]
Piazzoni's best-known public work may be his 14 murals for the former headquarters of the San Francisco Public Library for architect George W. Kelham, ten of them dating from 1932, the other four painted in 1945 and not installed until the 1970s.[6] After public debate and lawsuits in the late 1990s, the ten principal murals can now be seen at the M. H. de Young Memorial Museum.
As of 1901 Piazzoni shared a studio with fellow painter Xavier Martínez, with whom he founded the California Society of Artists. He was also a co-founder of the California Society of Etchers in 1912, with Robert B. Harshe (1879–1938), art professor at Stanford University;[7] Pedro J. Lemos (1882–1954), professor at San Francisco Institute of Art; and Ralph Stackpole (1885–1973), sculptor, printmaker, and at that time Piazzoni's studio assistant. He was also a member of the Bohemian Club. Piazzoni was also a good friend of Impressionist Granville Redmond and introduced the deaf-mute artist to Charlie Chaplin. The relationship of Redmond, Chaplin and Piazzoni is explored in a play by Steve Hauk, `The Floating Hat,’ published by the Traditional Fine Art Organization, Inc. The play is also in the colection of the Gallaudet University library.
Among his students were George Post, Rinaldo Cuneo, Dorr Bothwell, and Clayton Sumner Price. American landscape painter Mireille Piazzoni Wood was Piazzoni's daughter, painter-writer Philip Wood his son-in-law. Artists Thomas Wood and Russell Chatham are Piazzoni grandsons.
Sources
Web resource on the library murals
Piazzoni's papers at the Archives of American Art
References
The modern West: American landscapes, 1890-1950 By Emily Ballew Neff, page 108
Sunset, Volume 21 By Southern Pacific Company. Passenger Dept, 1908, page 738
The modern West: American landscapes, 1890-1950 By Emily Ballew Neff, page 108
On the edge of America: California modernist art, 1900-1950 By Paul J. Karlstrom, 1996, page 99
Twilight and Reverie: California Tonalist Painting 1890-1930, Harvey L. Jones, 1995, accessed at http://www.tfaoi.com/aa/2aa/2aa594.htm
http://articles.sfgate.com/2005-06-27/entertainment/17378805_1_asian-art-museum-murals-young-museum
http://www.artic.edu/aic/libraries/research/specialcollections/aic/museum/harshe.html
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