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Antonio Tempesta

Circe Changing Picus into a Bird Print by Antonio Tempesta

Circe Changing Picus into a Bird

Ocyrhoe Changed into a Horse Print by Antonio Tempesta

Ocyrhoe Changed into a Horse

Dryope Changed into a Lotus Tree Print by Antonio Tempesta

Dryope Changed into a Lotus Tree

Medea Urging the Daughters of King Pellias to Murder Their Father Print by Antonio Tempesta

Medea Urging the Daughters of King Pellias to Murder Their Father

Mudarra Challenges Ruy Velazquez, a Three-Day Truce is Arranged Print by Antonio Tempesta

Mudarra Challenges Ruy Velazquez, a Three-Day Truce is Arranged

Circe Changing Ulysses' Men into Swine Print by Antonio Tempesta

Circe Changing Ulysses' Men into Swine

Scylla Watching Minos from the Castle Walls Print by Antonio Tempesta

Scylla Watching Minos from the Castle Walls

The Trojan Ships Changed into Nymphs Print by Antonio Tempesta

The Trojan Ships Changed into Nymphs

Medea Restoring Aeson's Youth Print by Antonio Tempesta

Medea Restoring Aeson's Youth

Erysichthon Selling his Daughter Print by Antonio Tempesta

Erysichthon Selling his Daughter

Mudarra Takes Leave of His Mother and Sets Out to Find His Father Print by Antonio Tempesta

Mudarra Takes Leave of His Mother and Sets Out to Find His Father

Ceres Ordering Erysichthon's Punishment Print by Antonio Tempesta

Ceres Ordering Erysichthon's Punishment

The Giants Attempting to Storm Olympus. Gigantomachia Print by Antonio Tempesta

The Giants Attempting to Storm Olympus. Gigantomachia

The Death of Phaeton Print by Antonio Tempesta

The Death of Phaeton

Mudarra and His Horsemen Convert to Christianity and are Baptized Print by Antonio Tempesta

Mudarra and His Horsemen Convert to Christianity and are Baptized

The Flood Print by Antonio Tempesta

The Flood

Mercury Falling in love with Herse Print by Antonio Tempesta

Mercury Falling in love with Herse

The Age of Gold Print by Antonio Tempesta

The Age of Gold

Hecuba and the Trojan Women Murdering Polymestor Print by Antonio Tempesta

Hecuba and the Trojan Women Murdering Polymestor

The Birth of Hercules Print by Antonio Tempesta

The Birth of Hercules

The Creation of the World Print by Antonio Tempesta

The Creation of the World

Battle scene Print by Antonio Tempesta

Battle scene

Antonio Tempesta (1555 – 5 August 1630) was an Italian painter and engraver, whose art acted as a point of connection between Baroque Rome and the culture of Antwerp.[1]

Life

He was born and trained in Florence and painted in a variety of styles, influenced to some degree by "Counter-Maniera" or Counter-Mannerism. He enrolled in the Florentine Accademia delle Arti del Disegno in 1576. He was a pupil of Santi di Tito, then of the Flemish painter Joannes Stradanus. He was part of the large team of artists working under Giorgio Vasari on the interior decoration of the Palazzo Vecchio in Florence.

His favourite subjects were battles, cavalcades, and processions. He relocated to Rome, where he associated with artists from the Habsburg Netherlands, which may have led to his facility with landscape painting.

Among his followers was Marzio di Colantonio.


Commissions

Tempesta and the Flemish painter Matthijs Bril were commissioned by Pope Gregory XIII to paint wide panoramas of the Procession to Transfer the Relics of St. Gregory of Nazianzus (1572) for the loggias on the third floor of the Vatican Palace. He completed frescoes in the Palazzina Gambara at the Villa Lante in Bagnaia (1578-1609). From 1579–83, Tempesta participated in the decoration of the Villa Farnese in Caprarola, notably of this villa's Scala Regia. He is also known to have collaborated on frescoes in the Villa d'Este at Tivoli and the Palazzina Gamara at Villa Lante, Bagnaia. He painted a series of turbulent and crowded battle scenes for the Medici. He also completed a series of engravings on outdoor courtly hunting scenes.

Tempesta painted frescoes for the Palazzos Colonna, the Doria Pamphilj, and for the Marchese Giustiniani in his Roman palace, where Tempesta collaborated with Paul Bril, and at Bassano di Sutri.[2] He painted a Massacre of the Innocents for the church of Santo Stefano Rotondo in Rome.

Tempesta is now best known as a printmaker in etching and engraving. He also left numerous etchings, among them: Plates from the Old Testament; twenty-four plates from the Life of St. Anthony; a set of 150 prints from Ovid’s Metamorphoses; 13 plates on The Labours of Hercules and four plates on respectively The ages of man; The entry of Alexander into Babylon; Diana and Actaon, and The crucifixion (1612).

In 1612 he engraved a series of plates under the title "Batavorum cum Romanis Bellum" after designs of the Netherlandish artist Otto van Veen, also known as Vaenius (1556-1629) and court painter to Alessandro Farnese. Van Veen was influenced by the Italian mannerists but had developed his own style anticipating the Flemish baroque of his pupil Peter Paul Rubens. The series consists of 36 numbered engraved plates and illustrates the armed struggle between the ancient Dutch tribes and their Roman oppressors as narrated in Tacitus' Histories. Each plate bears at the bottom an engraved legend in Flemish and in Latin while a detailed explanation is printed on the otherwise blank verso. Plate I, signed 'Ant.Tempesta f. Anno 1611', shows 'Roma' and 'Batavia' in battle dress with respective scenic backgrounds, symbolizing the two nations. Fifteen other plates bear Tempesta's monogramme. The plates depict heroic events, sieges, and battle scenes. This historicist work was very popular in its time.

Tempesta also drew many designs for tapestries.


Notes

Silvia Danesi Squarzina, "The Collections of Cardinal Benedetto Giustiniani. Part II" The Burlington Magazine 140 (February 1998: 102-118) especially p. 110, note 43.

M.V. Brugnoli, "I primi affreschi nel palazzo Bassano di Sutro", Bollettinon d'arte (1957:241-54.

References
Text from Karel van Mander's Schilderboeck, p. 195: Daer is nae mijnen tijdt, oft noch teghenwoordich te Room, een Florentijn, Discipel van Ioan van der straet, oft Stradanus, geheeten Antonio Tempesta, die seer ghepresen wort, hebbende veel dinghen gheteyckent en ghehetst, als Iachten, Batailgen der Amasones: oock Ao. 1593. in platte forme, en in't groote, de Stadt van Room.
Brief bio of Tempesta from Web Gallery of Art
Grove Art Dictionary
Eckhard Leuschner, Antonio Tempesta. Ein Bahnbrecher des roemischen Barock und seine europaeische Wirkung, Petersberg 2005 (in German).
Bryan, Michael (1889). Walter Armstrong & Robert Edmund Graves, ed. Dictionary of Painters and Engravers, Biographical and Critical (Volume II L-Z). York St. #4, Covent Garden, London; Original from Fogg Library, Digitized May 18, 2007: George Bell and Sons. p. 556.

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