Dresden, Gemäldegalerie
Mucius Scaevola before Porsena, Hans Baldung Grien
Table with fish , Abraham Hendriksz. van Beyeren
The Lute Player, Gerard ter Borch the Younger
Paintings on the life of St. Zenobius of Florence, Sandro Botticelli
Farmers scuffle at cards, Adriaen Brouwer
Farmers scuffle at dice, Adriaen Brouwer
View of Dresden , the Neumarkt, Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden , the Neumarkt , Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden , The Old Market Square, Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden , the fortress plants in Dresden, Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden , the Neumarkt, Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden , the Neumarkt , Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden , the fortress plants in Dresden, Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden , the Frauenkirche, Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden , the ruins of the Cross Church, Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden from the left bank of the Elbe, Canaletto (I)
View of Dresden , Zwinger in Dresden, Canaletto (I)
Opportunity and patience, Girolamo da Carpi
The Adoration of the Magi, Joos van Cleve
The (large) Adoration of the Magi, Joos van Cleve
Mary in the Temple, Cima da Conegliano
Adoration of the Shepherds ( The Night ), Correggio
Portrait of the Elector Augustus I of Saxony, Lucas Cranach the younger
Portrait of Heinrich dsr Pious of Saxony, Lucas Cranach the Elder
Portrait of the Duchess Katharina von Mecklenburg, Lucas Cranach the Elder
Nativity ( Holy Night , Christmas ), Lucas Cranach the Elder
The Confirmation (The Seven Sacraments), Giuseppe Maria Crespi
The Last Rites, Giuseppe Maria Crespi
St Cecilia at the Organ, Carlo Dolci
Portrait of a young man, Albrecht Dürer
The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Circumcision of Christ, Albrecht Dürer
The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Christ on the Cross, Albrecht Dürer
The Seven Sorrows of Mary : The Twelve- Year-Old Jesus in the Temple, Albrecht Dürer
The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Lamentation of Christ, Albrecht Dürer
The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Flight to Egypt, Albrecht Dürer
The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Cross Nailing, Albrecht Dürer
The Seven Sorrows of Mary : Cross, Albrecht Dürer
Drunken Silenus, Anthony van Dyck
Portrait of armed man with red armbands, Anthony van Dyck
Portrait of Marie Clarisse and her child, Anthony van Dyck
Portrait of a lady dressed in black, Anthony van Dyck
Parable of the Lost Drachma, Domenico Fetti
Parable of the Lost Drachma, Domenico Fetti
Portrait of a Scholar, Domenico Fetti
Baptism of Christ, Francesco Francia
The Great Enclosure (Ostra-Enclosure), Caspar David Friedrich
Two Women of Tahiti, Paul Gauguin
Slumbering Venus, Giorgione
Christ Healing the Blind, El Greco
The Ecstasy of St. Francis , Giovanni Francesco Guercino
Portrait of a Man, Frans Hals
Large Still Life with Bird's Nest, Jan Davidsz de Heem
The Rape of Proserpina, Joseph Heintz the Elder
Portrait of Thomas Godsalve with his son John, Hans Holbein the Younger
Portrait of Charles de Solier , Hans Holbein the Younger
Diana and Actaeon, Jacob Jordaens
Portrait of a Woman Dressed as Vestal Virgin, Angelika Kauffmann
Ariadne Abandoned by Theseus on Naxos, Angelika Kauffmann
Beech grove, Gustav Klimt
The Upland near Bern, Joseph Anton Koch
The Hermit, Salomon Koninck
Head of a peasant girl, Wilhelm Maria Hubertus Leibl
The Holy Family, Lorenzo di Credi
Madonna with the Christ Child and St John the Baptist, Lorenzo di Credi
Acis and Galatea, Claude Lorrain
The Holy Night (The Nativity), Carlo Maratta
Self-portrait in red coat, Anton Raphael Mengs
Afternoon in the Tuileries Gardens, Adolf Friedrich Erdmann von Menzel
Poultry seller, Gabriel Metsu
Holy Rodriguez, Bartolomé Esteban Perez Murillo
An Old Man, Bartolomeo Nazari
An Old Woman, Bartolomeo Nazari
Jacob and Rachel, Palma Vecchio
Narcissus and Echo, Nicolas Poussin
Sistine Madonna, Raphael
St. Agnes in prison, José de Ribera
Sacrifices for the goddess Vesta, Sebastiano Ricci
Sacrifice to the God Selenus, Sebastiano Ricci
Bathsheba at the Fountain, Peter Paul Rubens
Boar hunt, Peter Paul Rubens
Sacrifice of Isaac, Andrea del Sarto
Gamba player, Bernardo Strozzi
Women playing instruments, Jacopo Tintoretto
Rescue of Arsinoe, Jacopo Tintoretto
Double portrait of two men, Jacopo Tintoretto
Portrait of a painter with a palm tree, Titian
Portrait of a Lady in White, Titian
Portrait of an old gentleman , detail, Diego Velázquez
Portrait of Juan Mateos, Diego Velázquez
The Procuress, Jan Vermeer van Delft
Girl Reading a Letter at an Open Window, Jan Vermeer van Delft
Wedding at Cana, Paolo Veronese
Folksy outdoor entertainment, Antoine Watteau
King Augustus III of Poland, Pietro Rotari
Queen Maria Josepha, Wife of King Augustus III of Poland, Pietro Rotari
Prayer on the Mount of Olives and Mocking of Christ, Ercole de' Roberti
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The Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister (English: Old Masters Gallery or Old Masters Picture Gallery) in Dresden, Germany, displays around 750 paintings from the 15th to the 18th centuries. It includes major Italian Renaissance works as well as Dutch and Flemish paintings. Outstanding works by German, French and Spanish painters of the period are also among the gallery's attractions.
The Old Masters are part of the Dresden State Art Collections. The collection is located in the Semper Gallery, the gallery wing of the Zwinger.
History
Interior view of the Royal Painting Collection around 1830
The Semper Gallery that houses the Gemäldegalerie seen from the Zwinger courtyard
When the Kunstkammer (Art Chamber) of the Electors of Saxony in Dresden was founded by Augustus, Elector of Saxony in 1560, paintings were subordinate to collectors' pieces from science, other art works and curiosities.[1] It was not until the beginning of the 18th century that Augustus II the Strong and his son Frederick Augustus II started to collect paintings systematically. Over a period of less than 60 years, these two art-loving Electors of Saxony, who were also Kings of Poland, expanded the collections significantly. In 1745, the 100 best pieces of the collection belonging to the Duke of Modena (Francesco III) were purchased, arriving in Dresden the following year.[1]
As the fast-growing painting collection soon required more space for storage and presentation, it was moved from Dresden Castle to the adjacent Stallgebäude (the Electors’ Stables Building) in 1747.[2]
In the meantime the collection had achieved European fame. Paintings from all over Europe, especially from Italy, Paris, Amsterdam and Prague, were acquired and sent to Dresden. The purchasing activities of the Electors were crowned by the acquisition of Raphael’s Sistine Madonna in 1754.[1]
In 1838, the architect Gottfried Semper was invited by a gallery commission working for King Frederick Augustus II, to design an appropriate architectural setting for the collection. The new gallery wing of the Zwinger was consequently built from 1847 to 1854. On 25 September 1855, the Neues Königliches Museum (New Royal Museum) opened in the Semper Gallery where it is still located today.[2]
Due to shortage of space, the Modern Department of the museum with paintings from the 19th and 20th centuries moved into a separate building on Brühl's Terrace, laying the foundations for what is now known as the New Masters Gallery.
When World War II was imminent in 1938, the museum was closed. The artworks were mostly safely stored away when the gallery building itself was severely damaged in the bombing of Dresden on 13 February 1945. At the end of the war in 1945, most of the paintings were confiscated by the Red Army and transported to Moscow and Kiev. On their return to Dresden in 1956, part of the collection was displayed on the ground floor of the still partly destroyed Semper Gallery. The Old Masters Gallery re-opened in 1960 after the reconstruction of the gallery building was completed. While the most important paintings survived this period, the losses were significant. Records from 1963 state that 206 paintings had been destroyed and 507 were missing.[1] Of these, some 450 are still missing today.[1]
Collection
Inside the gallery with the Sistine Madonna in the background
Some 750 paintings, or 40 percent of the entire collection, are exhibited in the gallery. They date from the 15th to the 18th centuries. Paintings from the 19th century onwards are displayed in the New Masters Gallery (Gemäldegalerie Neue Meister) in the Albertinum.
Renaissance and Baroque masterpieces by Italian painters such as Raphael, Titian, Giorgione, Correggio, Tintoretto and Guercino are displayed. The collection contains a large number of 17th-century Flemish and Dutch paintings by Rubens, Rembrandt, Jordaens, Van Dyck and Vermeer. Outstanding works by German, French and Spanish painters are also among the gallery's attractions.
With 58 paintings by Lucas Cranach the Elder and Lucas Cranach the Younger, the gallery houses the world's largest collection of Cranach paintings. Panels and canvases of the early Renaissance are also exhibited, including the recently restored Saint Sebastian by Antonello da Messina.
The color of the walls is used to structure the collection. Italian artwork is exhibited in rooms with deep red walls. Dutch and Flemish paintings are shown on green backgrounds. Spanish and French pictures from the 17th century are displayed on gray walls.
The Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister receives more than 500,000 visitors a year.
Other
The
year 2012 marks the 500th anniversary of Raphael's Dresden masterpiece
Sistine Madonna which was celebrated with a special exhibition.
See also
Galerie Neue Meister – Paintings from the 19th century to the present
List of museums in Saxony
Notes and references
Harald Marx: Gemäldegalerie Dresden - Führer Alte Meister . E. A. Seemann, Leipzig, 3. Aufl., 2006, ISBN 978-3-86502-021-5, pp. 8-17. (German)
Fritz Löffler: Das alte Dresden - Geschichte seiner Bauten. 16th ed. Leipzig: Seemann, 2006, ISBN 978-3-86502-000-0 (German)
Further reading
A. H. Payne (19th century), Royal Dresden Gallery, New York: D. Appleton, OCLC 8988584
Gemäldegalerie (Dresden, Germany) (1873), Complete catalogue of the
Royal Picture Gallery at Dresden, Dresden, [Germany]: G. Schönfeld's
Buchhandlung, OCLC 4424862
Gemäldegalerie (Dresden, Germany) (1912), Catalogue of the pictures in
the Royal Gallery at Dresden, Dresden: Buchdr. der Wilhelm und Bertha
v. Baensch Stiftung, OCLC 4232437
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